The History of the Negro ChurchWoodson, Carter Godwin
Religion
The History of the Negro Church
Woodson, Carter Godwin
African Americans -- Religion
Two years later when Rev. George Galbreth was elected to this office,
some dispute arose as to whether he should be a full bishop or a mere
assistant, but it was finally decided that he should be an assistant
only. As this did not satisfy all concerned, the friends of Mr. Galbreth
continued the fight and in the conference of 1852 they carried the point
of placing all bishops on equality. Part of their program too was the
retirement of Bishop Rush, who, being feeble and blind, could no longer
serve efficiently. The conference thereupon proceeded to elect Galbreth,
Bishop, and Spywood. Bishop Spywood was retired from this office in 1856
because there were too many bishops for the work to be accomplished in
the field, and during the remainder of his life he was employed as an
agent of the New England Mission Board in which he served successfully.
It happened that soon after the election of the three superintendents,
that is, in 1853, Bishop Galbreth died, leaving two bishops in the
field. How were these bishops then to stand? Was there such a thing as a
senior bishop or were they on equality? Bishop Bishop insisted that he
was the General Superintendent and above and beyond his coworker. As
this did not satisfy both parties he was called to trial; but, insisting
that he was right, he evaded the inquiry and caused a schism in the Zion
Church. Those adhering to the suspended bishop held the territory north
to Philadelphia, south to Charleston and west to Pittsburgh, and called
themselves the Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church. The others held
most of New York, New England, and Nova Scotia, and retained the
original name of the body, the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.
These two factions tended to drift in different directions. In the west
there was a tendency toward Episcopalianism, whereas the east drifted
toward Congregationalism. The question of the church property was
finally taken into the courts, which decided in favor of those who
remained with the denomination. Steps were thereafter taken to heal the
breach which had been produced by the stubbornness of one man and the
haste of a few others in dealing with him. In 1860 the schism was
finally ended by an agreement of the two factions to bury their
differences and unite for the good of the common church.
During these years some smaller movements were in progress. A division
of the Union Church of Africans incorporated at Wilmington, Delaware, in
1807, resulted in the organization of the African Union Church and the
Union American Methodist Episcopal Church in 1850. From the Methodist
Protestant Church a sufficient number of Negroes finally withdrew to
form, in 1860, the First Colored Methodist Protestant Church. These
denominations, however, have not been able to compete in numbers and
influence with the Allenites and Zionites.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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