Greece -- History -- Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.
So a dispute arose as to whether dearth and not death had not been the
word in the verse; but at the present juncture, it was of course
decided in favour of the latter; for the people made their recollection
fit in with their sufferings. I fancy, however, that if another Dorian
war should ever afterwards come upon us, and a dearth should happen to
accompany it, the verse will probably be read accordingly. The oracle
also which had been given to the Lacedaemonians was now remembered by
those who knew of it. When the god was asked whether they should go to
war, he answered that if they put their might into it, victory would be
theirs, and that he would himself be with them. With this oracle events
were supposed to tally. For the plague broke out as soon as the
Peloponnesians invaded Attica, and never entering Peloponnese (not at
least to an extent worth noticing), committed its worst ravages at
Athens, and next to Athens, at the most populous of the other towns.
Such was the history of the plague.
After ravaging the plain, the Peloponnesians advanced into the Paralian
region as far as Laurium, where the Athenian silver mines are, and
first laid waste the side looking towards Peloponnese, next that which
faces Euboea and Andros. But Pericles, who was still general, held the
same opinion as in the former invasion, and would not let the Athenians
march out against them.
However, while they were still in the plain, and had not yet entered
the Paralian land, he had prepared an armament of a hundred ships for
Peloponnese, and when all was ready put out to sea. On board the ships
he took four thousand Athenian heavy infantry, and three hundred
cavalry in horse transports, and then for the first time made out of
old galleys; fifty Chian and Lesbian vessels also joining in the
expedition. When this Athenian armament put out to sea, they left the
Peloponnesians in Attica in the Paralian region. Arriving at Epidaurus
in Peloponnese they ravaged most of the territory, and even had hopes
of taking the town by an assault: in this however they were not
successful. Putting out from Epidaurus, they laid waste the territory
of Troezen, Halieis, and Hermione, all towns on the coast of
Peloponnese, and thence sailing to Prasiai, a maritime town in Laconia,
ravaged part of its territory, and took and sacked the place itself;
after which they returned home, but found the Peloponnesians gone and
no longer in Attica.
During the whole time that the Peloponnesians were in Attica and the
Athenians on the expedition in their ships, men kept dying of the
plague both in the armament and in Athens. Indeed it was actually
asserted that the departure of the Peloponnesians was hastened by fear
of the disorder; as they heard from deserters that it was in the city,
and also could see the burials going on. Yet in this invasion they
remained longer than in any other, and ravaged the whole country, for
they were about forty days in Attica.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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