Greece -- History -- Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.
Meanwhile the Athenians in the hundred vessels were still cruising
round Peloponnese. After taking Sollium, a town belonging to Corinth,
and presenting the city and territory to the Acarnanians of Palaira,
they stormed Astacus, expelled its tyrant Evarchus, and gained the
place for their confederacy. Next they sailed to the island of
Cephallenia and brought it over without using force. Cephallenia lies
off Acarnania and Leucas, and consists of four states, the Paleans,
Cranians, Samaeans, and Pronaeans. Not long afterwards the fleet
returned to Athens. Towards the autumn of this year the Athenians
invaded the Megarid with their whole levy, resident aliens included,
under the command of Pericles, son of Xanthippus. The Athenians in the
hundred ships round Peloponnese on their journey home had just reached
Aegina, and hearing that the citizens at home were in full force at
Megara, now sailed over and joined them. This was without doubt the
largest army of Athenians ever assembled, the state being still in the
flower of her strength and yet unvisited by the plague. Full ten
thousand heavy infantry were in the field, all Athenian citizens,
besides the three thousand before Potidæa. Then the resident aliens who
joined in the incursion were at least three thousand strong; besides
which there was a multitude of light troops. They ravaged the greater
part of the territory, and then retired. Other incursions into the
Megarid were afterwards made by the Athenians annually during the war,
sometimes only with cavalry, sometimes with all their forces. This went
on until the capture of Nisaea. Atalanta also, the desert island off
the Opuntian coast, was towards the end of this summer converted into a
fortified post by the Athenians, in order to prevent privateers issuing
from Opus and the rest of Locris and plundering Euboea. Such were the
events of this summer after the return of the Peloponnesians from
Attica.
In the ensuing winter the Acarnanian Evarchus, wishing to return to
Astacus, persuaded the Corinthians to sail over with forty ships and
fifteen hundred heavy infantry and restore him; himself also hiring
some mercenaries. In command of the force were Euphamidas, son of
Aristonymus, Timoxenus, son of Timocrates, and Eumachus, son of
Chrysis, who sailed over and restored him and, after failing in an
attempt on some places on the Acarnanian coast which they were desirous
of gaining, began their voyage home. Coasting along shore they touched
at Cephallenia and made a descent on the Cranian territory, and losing
some men by the treachery of the Cranians, who fell suddenly upon them
after having agreed to treat, put to sea somewhat hurriedly and
returned home.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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