_Arians_, and, together with them, attempted to disturb the Quiet of the Catholic Church of _Milan_[1136]. [Sidenote: _A great Council assembled at_ Constantinople, _by the Emperor_ Theodosius.] Towards the Latter end of the Pontificate of _Damasus_, Two great Councils were held, the one at _Constantinople_ in 381. and the other at _Rome_ in 382. The former was assembled by the Emperor _Theodosius_, who, after having put the Orthodox in Possession of the Churches, which till his Time had been held by the _Arians_ in the East, where he reigned, summoned all the Bishops within his Dominions to meet at _Constantinople_, in order to deliberate about the most proper Means of restoring an intire Tranquillity to the Church, rent and disturbed not only by several Sects of Heretics, but by the Divisions that reigned among the Orthodox themselves, by that especially of _Antioch_, the most antient of all, which, from that Church, had spread all over the Empire, and occasioned rather an intire Separation, than a Misunderstanding between the East and the West, the former communicating with _Meletius_, and the latter with _Paulinus_, as I have related above. In this Council many weighty Matters were transacted, and several Canons established, some of which, namely, the Second and Third, deserve to be taken Notice of here. For, by the Second, _the Council renewed and confirmed the antient Law of the Church, authorized by the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Canons of the Council of_ Nice, commanding the Bishops of each Province to be ordained by those of the same Province, and such of the neighbouring Provinces, as they should think fit to call in; directing all Ecclesiastical Matters to be settled, all Disputes to be finally decided by a Council composed of the Bishops of the Province, or at least of the Diocese, that is, of all the Provinces under the same Vicar; and strictly forbidding the Bishops of one Diocese to concern themselves, under any Colour or Pretence whatsoever, with what happens in another[1137]. [Sidenote: _which revokes the Privilege granted to the See of_ Rome _by the Council of_ Sardica.] By this Canon the Privilege, formerly granted to the See of _Rome_ by the Council of _Sardica_, was revoked, and all Appeals from the Council of the Diocese forbidden. By the Third Canon the See of _Constantinople_ is declared first in Rank and Dignity after that of _Rome_[1138]. Some _Greek_ Writers have pretended, that, by this Canon, the Two Sees were declared in every respect equal; but that _Zonaras_ himself owns to be false and groundless[1139]. It is to be observed, that the Council of _Constantinople_ gave Rank and Honour to that See, but no Jurisdiction. It was to the Council of _Chalcedon_ that the Bishops of _Constantinople_ owed their Authority and Jurisdiction; for by that Council they were impowered to ordain the Metropolitans of the Dioceses of _Pontus_, _Asia_, and _Thrace_[1140]. The Reasons alleged by