The History of the Post Office, from Its Establishment Down to 1836Joyce, Herbert
History
The History of the Post Office, from Its Establishment Down to 1836
Joyce, Herbert
Postal service -- Great Britain -- History
The continental mails by way of Dover and Harwich went at this time only
twice a week; and by a curious arrangement these mails started from the
General Post Office at midnight, although the inland mails for the same
towns and going by the same route started at eight o'clock in the
evening. At Harwich the packet station had abandoned itself to
smuggling. In 1774 two packets, the _Bessborough_ and the _Prince of
Wales_, were seized for having contraband goods on board. Not a single
voyage had these packets made during the last two years without
committing a similar infringement of the law. The Commissioners of
Customs, whose patience was exhausted, now commenced proceedings in the
Court of Exchequer, and were prevailed upon to abandon them only upon
the captains, who were also owners of the vessels, paying by way of fine
two-third parts of their appraised value--amounting to £306 in one case
and to £272 in the other--of which sums one-half was to go to the Crown
and one-half to the officer by whom the goods had been discovered. This
high reward was not long in reproducing the occasion on account of which
it had been given. In November 1777 another seizure took place, this
time of three packets simultaneously, two of them being the same as had
been seized in 1774. The third was the _Dolphin_. On this occasion the
Commissioners of Customs determined that the vessels should be
prosecuted to condemnation. In vain the postmasters-general urged that
the law was a hard one which made the captains responsible for offences
which, it was alleged, they had done their best to check. The customs
authorities were inexorable. It was not long, however, before the Post
Office became possessed of certain facts which, when investigated,
proved beyond a doubt that there had for years past been collusion of
the grossest character. On every voyage contraband goods--chiefly tea,
coffee, and gin--had, with the connivance of the local officers of
customs, been imported in large quantities; and of these only a part, a
comparatively small part, had been seized. Thus, the Post Office
servants received from the goods that were left to them ample, and more
than ample, compensation for those that were taken away; and the
servants of the customs received from their Board in London both credit
and reward for their vigilance. Nor was it by any means certain that the
seizure of the packets in 1774 and again in 1777 was not another phase
of the same collusive arrangement.
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