Soon after, many quakers resorted to _West-Jersey_ from England, and the country filled apace. But the people early experienced the dreadful effects of arbitrary power. Major _Andros_ the governor of _New-York_, imposed 10 per cent. on all goods imported at the _Hoar-kill_,[33] and demanded 5 percent. of the settlers at arrival or afterwards, though neither _West-Jersey_, nor the _Hoar-kill_, was legally under his jurisdiction. They complained of the hardship from the first, but bore it patiently, till about 1680, when application was made to the duke of York, who referred the matter to the council, where it rested for a considerable time, and then was reported in their favour, and the duty ordered to be discontinued. Among the arguments used by Messrs. _William Penn_, _George Hutchinson_ and others, chiefly if not all quakers, in the paper presented to the duke’s commissioners, were these, “Powers of government are expressly granted, in the cenveyance lord Berkely made us; for that only could have induced us to buy it; and the reason is plain, because to all prudent men, the government of any place is more inviting than the soil: for what is good land without good laws; the better, the worse. And if we could not assume people of an easy and free, and safe government, both with respect to their spiritual and worldly property, that is an uninterrupted liberty of conscience and an inviolable possession of their civil rights and freedoms, by a just and wise government, a mere wilderness would be no encouragement; for it were a madness to leave a free, good and improved country, to plant in a wilderness, and there adventure many thousands of pounds, to give an absolute title to another person to tax us at will and pleasure.” Natural right and human prudence oppose such doctrine all the world over, as says, “that people free by law, under their prince at home, are at his mercy in the plantations abroad.” The King’s grant to the duke of York, is plainly restrictive to the laws and government of England. Now, we humbly conceive, it is made a fundamental in our constitution, and government, that the king of England cannot justly take his subjects goods without their consent: this needs no more to be proved than a principal; ’tis _jus indigene_, and home-bore right, declared to be law by divers statutes; as in the great charter, ch. 29 and 34. Ed. III. ch. 2; again 25 Ed. ch. 7.[34] To give up the power of making laws is to change the government, to sell or rather resign ourselves to the will of another; and that for nothing; for we buy nothing of the duke, if not the right of an undisturbed colonizing, with no diminution, but expectation of some increase of these freedoms and privileges enjoyed in our own country. We humbly say, that we have not lost any part of our liberty, by leaving our country; but we transplant to a place with express limitation to erect no policy contrary to the established