The governorship of the colony between 1698 and 1701 was amalgamated with those of New York, New Jersey, and New Hampshire. The Earl of Bellomont was given supreme control, and won the goodwill of the people by favouring the democratic party and recommending many reforms. His special title to Fame is his suppression of the pirates along the coasts, who according to Bellomont's complaint in 1698 had been protected and encouraged by Benjamin Fletcher, Governor of New York. "I have likewise discovered that protections were publickly exposed to sale at the said rates to Pyrats that were of other companies ... and made discovery of the bonds the Pyrates entered into to Coll: Fletcher when he granted them Commissions."[140] Bellomont was determined to save the colonies from these sea-wolves, and in 1701 he had the satisfaction, just before he died, of bringing the infamous Captain Kidd to the gallows. The later history of Massachusetts must be left to the chapter on French Aggression. The colony founded first as a trading Company by a few adventurous Puritans had in seventy years become not only one of the most prosperous, but also one of the largest of the thirteen States. It had embraced several of the smaller and weaker settlements, the history of one of which has already been traced; the story of the others has yet to be told. FOOTNOTES: [95] See p. 24. [96] Smith, _A Description of New England_ (1616), p. 1. [97] Macaulay, _Essays_ (ed. 1891), p. 23. [98] _Calendar of Domestic State Papers_, 1591-1594, p. 400. [99] Bradford, _History of the Plimoth Plantation_, p. 15. [100] Bradford, _History of the Plimoth Plantation_, p. 16. [101] _Ibid._, p. 17. [102] _Ibid._ [103] Quoted by J. R. Green, _Short History of the English People_ (1893), iii. p. 1051. [104] Smith, _A Description of New England_ (1616), p. 27. [105] Quoted by J. R. Green, _op. cit._, p. 1049. [106] Bradford, _op. cit._, May 12. [107] Bradford, _op. cit._ [108] Young, _Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers_ (ed. 1841). [109] Thwaites, _The Colonies, 1492-1750_ (1891), p. 123. [110] _Calendar of State Papers_, Colonial, 1661-1668, p. 36. [111] _Ibid._, p. 344. [112] Macaulay, _Essays_ (ed. 1891), p. 23. [113] _American Historical Review_, vol. iv. No. 4, p. 689. [114] _Ibid._, p. 702. [115] Doyle, _The English in America_ (1887), vol. i. p. 119. [116] _A History of New England_ (1654), p. 38. [117] Winthrop, _The History of New England from 1630 to 1649_. [1633, Feb. 17.] [118] Doyle, _Cambridge Modern History_ (1905), vol. vii. p. 17. [119] _Simplicities Defence against Seven-Headed Policy_ (1646), p. 2. [120] Massachusetts Historical Society, _Collections_, i. [121] Winthrop, _The History of New England from 1630 to 1649_ (1853), vol. i. p. 170. [122] _Ibid._, vol. i. p. 213. [123] _New England's First Fruits_ (1643), p. 12. [124] _Ibid._ [125] _Journal of a Voyage to New York in 1679-80._