The History of the Thirty Years' WarSchiller, Friedrich
History
The History of the Thirty Years' War
Schiller, Friedrich
Europe -- History -- 1517-1648; Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648
In the mean time, Swedish levies were made in Germany and the
Netherlands, the regiments increased to their full complement, new ones
raised, transports provided, a fleet fitted out, provisions, military
stores, and money collected. Thirty ships of war were in a short time
prepared, 15,000 men equipped, and 200 transports were ready to convey
them across the Baltic. A greater force Gustavus Adolphus was unwilling
to carry into Germany, and even the maintenance of this exceeded the
revenues of his kingdom. But however small his army, it was admirable
in all points of discipline, courage, and experience, and might serve
as the nucleus of a more powerful armament, if it once gained the German
frontier, and its first attempts were attended with success. Oxenstiern,
at once general and chancellor, was posted with 10,000 men in Prussia,
to protect that province against Poland. Some regular troops, and a
considerable body of militia, which served as a nursery for the main
body, remained in Sweden, as a defence against a sudden invasion by any
treacherous neighbour.
These were the measures taken for the external defence of the kingdom.
Its internal administration was provided for with equal care. The
government was intrusted to the Council of State, and the finances to
the Palatine John Casimir, the brother-in-law of the King, while his
wife, tenderly as he was attached to her, was excluded from all share in
the government, for which her limited talents incapacitated her. He set
his house in order like a dying man. On the 20th May, 1630, when all his
measures were arranged, and all was ready for his departure, the King
appeared in the Diet at Stockholm, to bid the States a solemn farewell.
Taking in his arms his daughter Christina, then only four years old,
who, in the cradle, had been acknowledged as his successor, he presented
her to the States as the future sovereign, exacted from them a renewal
of the oath of allegiance to her, in case he should never more return;
and then read the ordinances for the government of the kingdom during
his absence, or the minority of his daughter. The whole assembly was
dissolved in tears, and the King himself was some time before he could
attain sufficient composure to deliver his farewell address to the
States.
"Not lightly or wantonly," said he, "am I about to involve myself and
you in this new and dangerous war; God is my witness that _I_ do not
fight to gratify my own ambition. But the Emperor has wronged me most
shamefully in the person of my ambassadors. He has supported my enemies,
persecuted my friends and brethren, trampled my religion in the dust,
and even stretched his revengeful arm against my crown. The oppressed
states of Germany call loudly for aid, which, by God's help, we will
give them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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