First of all, if our lesson is to typify the Spanish explorers as a group, it should supply a basic concept of Spanish life and character in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is not a matter of much difficulty to arouse in our pupils a real interest in the Spaniards of that time. There is so much of the romantic and the picturesque about this phase of American history that for the conscientious teacher it will always constitute one of the most attractive portions of his work. Varied selections from literature suitable to the age of the children should be read to them. Better still, they should be encouraged to continue this sort of reading on their own accounts; appropriate material for this purpose should be on hand in the school library. The religious element in Spanish life should receive particular emphasis, some reference being made to the Inquisition and the popular attitude toward heresy. As an important element in the European background of American history, this phase of our subject dare not be overlooked, but it goes without saying that in our public schools it is a topic which must be handled with extreme tact. The severe etiquette of the Spanish court, the Spanish dress, Spanish arms and armor, should all receive their proper amount of attention. Pictures, as well as stories, should be brought into constant requisition to make this portion of the work concrete. Some notion of the political standing and relations of Spain, properly adapted to children of elementary school age, must also be considered as essentially a “type-element” in our lesson. For pupils in the grades it will probably suffice to point out very briefly the long struggle with the Moors, brought to a successful termination by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492; the combination in the 16th century of various and widely separate realms under the Hapsburgs; and the natural jealousy of France and England toward this rising world-power.