[72] The steps of the transition are also well indicated, and illustrated by reference to special MSS. in Kugler's "Kunstgeschichte," in his article on the "Nord., vornehml. Deutsche Malerei der Roman. Periode." [73] The subject is one that I am unable to find has been treated with any great ability. The reader may, however, be referred to the following old Spanish works on the subject:--Andres Merino de Jesu-Cristo, "Escuela Palæographica, ó de leer Letras universas, antiguas y modernas, desde la entrada de los Godos en España" (Madrid, 1780, in fol. fig.);--Estev. de Terreros, "Palæographia Española, que contiene todos los modos conocidos, que ha habido de escribir en España, desde su principio y fundación" (Madrid, Ibarra, 1758, in 4to. fig.); and Rodriguez-Christ., "Bibliotheca Universal de la Polygraphia Española" (Madrid, 1738, fol. fig.). [74] That art which is called "illumination" in Paris. [75] "Lettere Sanese," tom. i. p. 278. [76] The well-known passage in which Dante alludes to Oderigi occurs in the eleventh canto of the "Paradiso," and is as follows:-- "Oh, dissi lui, non se' tu Oderisi, L' onor d' Agubbio, e l' onor di quell' arte Che alluminar è chiamata a Parisi? Frate, diss' egli, più ridon le carte Che pennelegia Franco Bolognese: L' onor è tutto or suo, e mio in parte. Ben non sarei stato si cortese Mentre ch' io vissi per lo gran disio Dell' excellentia, ove mio cor intese. Di tal superbia qui si paga il fio." [77] Vita di Giotto. [78] "Storia Pittorica," vol xi. p. 13, ed. Pisa, 1815; and vol. v. pp. 8, 9, 10. [79] Lanzi speaks of these choral books as "De' più considerabili che abbia l'Italia." [80] The Kensington Museum possesses two splendid leaves from a great "Chorale," which contain miniatures completely in the manner of Fra Angelico. [81] The Duke of Hamilton possesses some beautiful MSS. illuminated by, or in the manner of Memmi. Mr. Layard is the fortunate owner of one leaf of surpassing grandeur and elevation of style. [82] The style, if not the hand, of Taddeo Bartolo, another of the great early masters of the Siennese school, may be distinctly traced in several existing miniatures. [83] "Poetry of Christian Art," p. 140. [84] "Ornò i libri corali di figure nobillissime."--Cittadella, "Catalogo dei Pittori e Scultori Ferraresi," vol. i. pp. 1-27. [85] Rio. It must be a matter of delight to all lovers of true art that that most useful society, the "Arundel," has been of late turning its attention to the production, by means of chromo-lithography, of some of the finest examples extant of Italian quattro and cinque-cento illumination.