The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless ManAnderson, Nels
General
The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless Man
Anderson, Nels
Chicago (Ill.) -- Social conditions; Tramps
The chief job of the “dicks” is to keep the “bos” off the trains.
The private police are unpopular, not only among homeless men, but
also among the employees of the railroads. Brakemen and switchmen
will often aid tramps in their effort to avoid the police. Railroad
police must often contend with a lack of co-operation by the civil
police. The town police, or “town clown” as he is called, may order
the tramps to leave on the “next train,” while the railroad police
may be making every effort to prevent their riding the trains. The
town police are not anxious to fill the jail; they prefer that the
transients move on; they reason that the railroad should take away
what the railroad brought.
The railroad policeman shows results, not by the number of
convictions as the civil police, but by his ability to keep at
a minimum the number of offenses against railroad property. His
endeavor is to put fear into the hearts of all trespassers on the
right-of-way. He becomes a hunter of men, not to seize and detain
them, but to pursue and terrorize them. He is to the railroad
property what the scarecrow is to the cornfield.
Railroad police sometimes drive men off fast-moving trains by
throwing stones or shooting at them. Not infrequently they catch
and maltreat a tramp; however, they are seldom able to get hold of
a veteran tramp. The inexperienced man or the boy is more likely
to be caught. These means of putting fear into men do not stop
tramping. As they become fearful of the railroad “bull,” they
become more cautious, and the “bull’s” problem is increasingly
difficult.
WHAT THE TRAMP THINKS OF THE PRIVATE POLICE
To migrants the railroad is “the tramp’s traditional highway.” The
tramp, however, expects opposition from the railroad police and
even from the train crews; nevertheless he measures his success as
a “boomer” by his ability to outwit this opposition. Encounters
with the railroad police are a favorite theme of conversation in
the “jungles” and along the “stem.”
One man tells of being held in Hutchinson, Kansas, on suspicion:
57. A bunch of us came in on a freight and started up town.
It was about midnight and the moon was shining. We were
sneaking along the shade of a row of box cars. A couple of
men halted us and ordered us to come out into the light. I
had a notion to run but one of the other fellows said they
had “gats” and we’d better take no chances. It was a good
thing we didn’t run because we found out that a couple of
men had escaped from the jail. All the police and a lot of
the citizens had been drafted to find them. Most of them
carried guns and nothing would have suited them better than
to have had some one to shoot at.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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