The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless ManAnderson, Nels
General
The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless Man
Anderson, Nels
Chicago (Ill.) -- Social conditions; Tramps
It is difficult to classify the numerous types of hobos. The
habits, type of work, the routes of travel, etc., seem to differ
with each individual. Some live more parasitic lives than others.
Some never beg or get drunk, while others never come to town
without getting intoxicated and being robbed or arrested, and
perhaps beaten. One common characteristic of the hobo, however, is
that he works. He usually has horny hands and a worker’s mien. He
aims to live by his labor.
As there are different types of homeless men, so different varieties
of this particular brand, the hobo, may be differentiated. A part
of the hobo group known as “harvest hands” follows the harvest and
other agricultural occupations of seasonal nature. Another segment of
the group works in the lumber woods and are known as “lumber jacks”
or “timber beasts.” A third group is employed in construction and
maintenance work. A “gandy dancer” is a man who works on the railroad
track tamping ties. If he works on the section he may be called a
“snipe” or a “jerry.”
A “skinner” is a man who drives horses or mules.
A “mucker” or a “shovel stiff” is a man who does manual
labor on construction jobs.
A “rust eater” usually works on extra-gangs or track-laying
jobs; handles steel.
A “dino” is a man who works with and handles dynamite.
A “splinter-belly” is a man who does rough carpenter work
or bridge work.
A “cotton glaumer” picks cotton, an “apple knocker” picks
apples and other fruit.
A “beach comber” is a plain sailor, of all men the most
transient.
For every vocation that is open to the migratory worker there is
some such characteristic name. In the West the hobo usually carries
a bundle in which he has a bed, some extra clothes, and a little
food. The man who carries such a bundle is usually known as a
“bundle stiff” or “bundle bum.” The modern hobo does not carry a
bundle because it hinders him when he wishes to travel fast. It is
the old man who went West “to grow up with the country” who still
clings to his blanket roll.
THE TRAMP
While the word “tramp” is often used as a blanket term applied
to all classes of homeless and potentially vagrant or transient
types, it is here used in a stricter sense to designate a smaller
group. He is usually thought of, by those familiar with his natural
history, as an able-bodied individual who has the romantic passion
to see the country and to gain new experience without work. He is
a specialist at “getting by.” He is the type that Josiah Flynt
had in mind when he wrote his book, _Tramping with Tramps_. He
is typically neither a drunkard nor a bum, but an easy-going
individual who lives from hand to mouth for the mere joy of living.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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