The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless ManAnderson, Nels
General
The Hobo: The Sociology of the Homeless Man
Anderson, Nels
Chicago (Ill.) -- Social conditions; Tramps
Depending on one’s point of view, the homeless man, owing
to the serious industrial depression during the winter of
1921-1922 had remarkable success in begging or panhandling.
The spirit of the public during the depression was to help
the unemployed man and advantage of this situation was
not lost sight of by the hobo who worked on the sympathy
of the public. With the approach of summer and improved
industrial conditions, the hobo continued to make a living
in other ways than by working for it. There seems to be
an understanding among this class of men not to work for
less than 50c an hour, and they are loath to accept steady
employment at 35c to 37½c hour when they can do temporary
work, and work at a different job every day, or any day
one pleases, at 45c to 50c an hour. The hobo is reluctant
to work in foundries or steel mills. He likes the open and
when winter is past, the hobo, with few exceptions, refuses
inside work.
The hobos of today are made up of young men, ranging in
ages from 18 to 35 years. They form in groups of six or
seven, camp in the “brush” and send a different one of
their group out each day to panhandle in the town or
village near which they may be camping. Then too, these men
have very decided views on the Volstead law, before the
enactment of which the hobo felt he had some inducement to
work, for he liked his beer, if it was only 1½ per cent,
and he did not know it. But since prohibition, his attitude
seems to be “Why should I work any more than I really have
to?” or in other words, more than to get enough for food
and a place to sleep.[40]
The hobo is not unfamiliar with strike jobs. Corporations, when
forced to the wall in a labor crisis, often come to the “stem”
for their strike-breakers. By offering alluring wages and the
assurance of security, they are able to attract from ranks of
even the casual workers enough men to keep the plants running.
Labor agencies of this kind are not popular on the “stem”; neither
are the men who hire out as strike-breakers. But in spite of this
stigma they survive as during the railroad strike in the summer
of 1922. These railroad agencies crowded even to the heart of the
Madison Street mart and eventually forced the private agencies to
deal in strike jobs.
Strike-breakers or “scabs” are of four varieties: (1) men who are
innocently attracted to the job (it is generally charged that this
was the case in the Herrin affair); (2) men who are “too proud to
beg and too honest to steal”; (3) men who have a grudge against
some striking union, or against organized labor in general; and (4)
men who hire out as bona fide workers but really “bore from within”
and in the language of the radical “work sabotage.”
A NATIONAL PROBLEM
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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