The duties of the priests consisted, in the first instance, in
performing those acts of worship to the divinity which might also be
performed by any layman--viz., prayers and sacrifices; and in the
second, those which belonged to the worship of the particular divinity,
and recurred at certain fixed periods, and particularly those which they
undertook at the request of others. Besides this, there were various
duties connected with the care of the temple and divine images, the
fulfilment of the various customs connected with the worship of each
divinity, the performance of mysterious dedications and purifications,
guarding of the temple treasure, etc. To this were due various
ordinances concerning their mode of life, food, clothing, etc. Their
persons were regarded as sacred, just as the sanctuary was, and they
also received their share in the adoration paid to the gods, being
regarded, in a measure, as their representatives. Very often they had a
house in the temple domain, and received a share of its income, which
had, in the first instance, to supply the means for performing the
service of the god, erecting necessary buildings, statues, etc., but
which often supplied the priests also with considerable profit; thus,
the skins and certain parts of the sacrificial animals fell to their
lot. In some of the sanctuaries the income derived from the temple
property and the money lent out for interest from the temple treasure,
was very considerable, and far exceeded the means required for the
maintenance of the sanctuary and the service of the god. Another
privilege enjoyed by the priests was the right of occupying places of
honour in the theatre and at public meetings. They were usually
distinguished by their dress from the rest of the citizens; they wore
the long chiton, which had gone out of fashion for ordinary people; it
was generally of white or purple colour, and they had wreaths and
fillets in their long hair, and probably carried a staff as a token of
dignity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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