in Figs. 183 and 184, also from Mycenae, are of a different kind; the
blades are two-edged, and measure thirty-two inches in length; the top
of the haft is formed of the same piece with the blade, and covered with
plates of a different material, but this weapon seems to have been
exclusively used for piercing. Of another kind are those in Figs. 185
and 186, but these date from Italian lake dwellings, though the same
kind is said to have been also found in Greece. The two-edged blade is
short here, very broad at the top, but growing gradually narrower, so
that the shape almost resembles an acute-angled triangle. The handle,
the lower end of which is bent outwards in the shape of a semicircle, is
worked out of a separate piece of bronze, and connected with the blade
by nails. In the historic age the swords are usually short, the blade
about twenty inches long, reed-shaped, and two-edged, adapted for
thrusting and piercing; the handle, which is generally suited for
parrying strokes, is rather small (compare the sword in Fig. 169, where
the sheath and shoulder-belt are well represented). The sheath was often
of some costly material, and artistically decorated, ordinary kinds were
made of leather; the shoulder-belt was usually a leather strap, with
metal plates; it was suspended over the right shoulder, and was so long
that the sword hung down by the left side, but in later times they
sometimes wore the sword on the right side. Besides the kinds of swords
already mentioned there were some others; in particular that which is
specially designated as the Lacedaemonian sword, the blade of which is
slightly curved on one side from the handle onwards, and very sharp,
while the other edge is straight and evidently blunt; this kind of sword
could of course only be used for thrusting. Towards the end of the
Hellenic period, Iphicrates again introduced long swords in the Greek
armies; they measured as much as a yard with the haft, but the
heavy-armed infantry probably continued to use the short sword.
There were two other weapons for close encounter, the club and the
battle-axe, but they are not important for Greek warfare. The former was
chiefly used in the mythical contests of pre-historic times, the latter,
represented on works of art as the usual weapon of the Amazons, is
sometimes mentioned in Homer as used by Greek heroes, but it was
afterwards only in use as an actual military weapon among some Oriental
nations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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