The Home of the Blizzard: Being the Story of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-1914Mawson, Douglas, Sir
History
The Home of the Blizzard: Being the Story of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-1914
Mawson, Douglas, Sir
Antarctica -- Discovery and exploration; Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914)
The daily facts were increased by the construction of a new instrument
known as the puffometer. It was entirely a home-made contrivance,
designed to measure the speed of heavy gusts of wind. A small aluminium
sphere was arranged to blow out at the end of a light cord exerting
tension on a calibrated spring. The pull was transferred to a lever
carrying a pencil, which travelled across a disk of carbonized paper.
The disk, moving by clockwork, made a complete revolution every hour.
The recording parts of the instrument were enclosed in a snow-proof box
in which there was a small aperture on the leeward side, through which
ran the cord attachment of the sphere. This may give a rough idea of
the apparatus employed to measure the momentary velocity of the cyclonic
gusts. The idea is not an original one, having been previously applied
for use on kites.
It was not always possible to use the puffometer in the strongest gusts
because these were often transient, occurring unexpectedly or during the
night; while it took a little time to get the instrument into running
order. Even in daylight, with the landscape clear of drift, it was a
time-absorbing and difficult task to secure a record.
Two men start from the Hut with iron crampons and a full complement of
clothes and mitts. Outside they find themselves in a rushing torrent
of air, pulsating with mighty gust-waves. Lowered from the estate
of upright manhood, they humbly crawl, or make a series of crouching
sprints between the gusts. Over the scattered boulders to the east of
the Hut, across a patch of polished snow they push to the first low
ridge, and there they stop for breath. Up on the side of "Annie Hill,"
in the local phrase, the tide sweeps by with fiendish strength, and
among the jagged rocks the man clutching the puffometer-box has a few
desperate falls. At last both clamber slowly to an eminence where a long
steel pipe has been erected. To the top of this the puffometer is hauled
by means of a pulley and line. At the same time the aluminium sphere is
released, and out it floats in the wind tugging at the spring.
The puffometer was left out for an hour at a time, and separate gusts up
to one hundred and fifty and one hundred and eighty miles per hour were
commonly indicated. I remember the final fate of this invention. While
helping to mount it one day, the wind picked me up clear of the ground
and dashed myself and the instrument on some rocks several yards away.
The latter was badly damaged, but thick clothing saved me from serious
injury.
[TEXT ILLUSTRATION]
The wind velocity and wind direction charts for Midwinter's Day,
when the steady south-by-east gale was broken after noon by a welcome
lull--the wind veering the while all round the compass.
The average velocity for the day 66.9 miles per hour, and the maximum of
the average hourly velocities, ninety-six miles.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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