The Honey-Bee: Its Natural History, Physiology and ManagementBevan, Edward
History
The Honey-Bee: Its Natural History, Physiology and Management
Bevan, Edward
Bee culture; Bees
To complete the evidence however, to me so irresistible, in favour of
the wax-secreting faculty of the bee's body, I observe finally, that
in 1793, M. Huber's observations led him to the same conclusion as Mr.
Hunter's, relative to the nature of the laminæ under the abdominal
scales: but Huber slumbered not there, he prosecuted the inquiry more
successfully than any preceding naturalist, and at length demonstrated
the secreting organs which had eluded the scrutiny of Swammerdam, Hunter,
and other acute anatomists. He found that these laminæ were contained in
distinct receptacles, on each side of the middle process of the scales;
he examined with great care the form and structure of these secreting
cavities, which are peculiar to working bees. Each working bee has
eight of these organs, sacklets or small compartments. Their general
shape is an irregular pentagon, and the plates of wax, being moulded in
them, exhibit accordingly the same form. A perforation of their lining
membrane on the side next to the abdomen, started a jet of transparent
fluid, which congealed on cooling; in this state it resembled wax, and
became again fluid on the application of heat. Comparative experiments
were made with the substance contained in the pouches and with the wax
of fresh combs: a great similarity between these two substances was
discerned; the latter appeared somewhat more compound, having probably
received some additional ingredient, while employed as the material for
building. The secreting function of the membrane on the inner surface
of these cavities, was further evinced, by a more minute examination of
its structure, which exhibited a number of folds, forming an hexagonal
net-work, analogous to the inner coat of the second stomach of ruminating
quadrupeds. Huber does not appear to have known the observations either
of Duchet or of Wildman on this subject, although they were made long
prior to Mr. Hunter's; for he quotes only from the latter.
When combs are wanted, bees fill their crops with honey, and retaining
it in them, hang together in a cluster from the top of the hive, and
remain inactive about twenty-four hours. During this time the wax is
secreted, and may be seen in laminæ, under the abdominal scales, whence
it is removed by the hind legs of the bee, and transferred to the fore
legs; from them it is taken by the jaws, and after being masticated as
described in Chap, XXXIV, page 347, the fabrication of comb commences.
"To see the wax-pockets in the hive-bee, you must press the abdomen,
so as to cause its distention; you will then find, on each of the four
intermediate ventral segments, separated by the carina or elevated
central part, two trapeziform whitish pockets, of a soft membranaceous
texture: on these the laminæ of wax are formed, in different states, more
or less perceptible[AB]."
[Footnote AB: Kirby and Spence.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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