Breeds, improvement in, by Charles II., 242, 250; by Cromwell, 243, 244; by the Duke of Buckingham, 225; by the Duke of Cumberland, 267; by the Duke of Newcastle, 227, 251; by Edward III., 125, 130; by Elizabeth, 144, 153, 222; by Henry VIII., 148, 167; by importation from Italy, 180; by James I., 202, 221; by James II., 261; by King John, 114; by Mahomet, 87; by the Persians, 114; by William III., 263; Committee in the House of Lords on, 288; enforced by law, 149, 152; from 1660-1685, 196; in Athens, 51; in England, 108; in Ireland, 252; in Middle Ages, 114; in the sixteenth century, 141; the seventeenth century, 257; Cardinal Wolsey's interest in, 143 Bridles, 51, 64, 135, 237, 286, 291 Bronze Age, the, 4, 6, 16, 17 Bronze of Alexander, 61 Bronze horse in British Museum, 64 Brood Mare Society, 292 Bucephalus, 54, 61 “Byerley Turk,” the, 215, 263, 289 Caligula's horse—a priest, 79 Carey's ride, Sir Robert, 197, 198 “Carmen,” 135 Cart horses, 207, 236 Cauldrons and tripods, 11 Cavalry, 16, 22, 23, 46, 199, 283, 292; Assyrian, 9; British, 67, 68; Cromwell's, 233, 234; described by Julius Cæsar, 70, 71; first use of, 7; Greek, 9, 22; Hannibal's, 64, 65, 69; Henry II.'s, 111; Iberian, 65; Persian, 114; Richard II.'s opinion of, 131; superseded chariots, 74; Theodosius', 81; twelfth century, 112; William the Conqueror's, 107, 109 Celts, 23, 72 Chargers, 109, 111, 120, 125, 131, 160, 199, 207, 233, 278, 279 Chariot races, with Æthe, 9; at the thirty-third Olympiad, 16; at Delphi, 23; won by Alcibiades, 25; of Philip II., 27; won by Exænetus of Agrigentum, 32; in first century A.D., 77; of the Romans, 172 “Charioteer, A finished,” 10 Chariots, 3-21, 24, 65; Julius Cæsar's description of, 70, 71; in Ireland, 115; of the Acheans, 20; of the Ancient Britons, 20, 68, 69; Assyrians, 20; Early Irish, 20; Egyptians, 3, 14, 20; Erichthonius, 5; Gauls, 20, 72; Greeks, 20; Hittites, 20; Libyans, 20; Persians, 20, 25; Romans, 72; Syria, 25; Thracians, 14, 15; Vedic Aryans, 20; with scythes, 25, 26 Charles I. institutes horse racing in Hyde Park, 224; interest in horses, 233; picture in National Gallery, 225; present of horses, 225; price of horses, 229; racecourses in time of, 245 Charles II., a good whip, 240; encouraged horse-breeding, 240; encouraged use of stage coaches, 240; horsemanship of, 227-229; love of horse-racing, 246, 259; restores horse racing, 245 Charles V. of Germany, 161, 171 Charles VIII. of France, 138, 139 Chaucer, 130-132 Chester Meeting, the, 208; Charles II. at, 247; rule for winning owner, 208, 209; silver bells run for, 208, 245