The eggs of the Trumpeter are very large, one of them being enough to
make a good meal for a man. The eggs of the American species are
smaller and of a greenish appearance, while those of the Bewick swan are
still smaller and of a brownish-white colour, with a slight clouding of
darker hue.
Six or seven eggs is the usual "setting." The cygnets, when half or
full-grown, are esteemed good eating, and are much sought after by the
hunters and Indians of the fur countries.
When the cygnets are full-grown, and the frost makes its appearance upon
the lakes and rivers of the hyperborean regions, the swans begin to
shift southwards. They do not migrate directly, as in the spring, but
take more time on their journey, and remain longer in the countries
through which they pass. This no doubt arises from the fact that a
different motive or instinct now urges them. In the spring they are
under the impulse of philo-progenitiveness. Now they range from lake to
lake and stream to stream in search only of food. Again, as in the
spring, the Trumpeters lead the van--winging their way to the great
lakes, and afterwards along the Atlantic coast, and by the line of the
Mississippi, to the marshy shores of the Mexican Sea.
It may be remarked that this last-mentioned species--the Trumpeter--is
rare upon the Atlantic coast, where the common swan is seen in greatest
plenty. Again, the Trumpeter does not appear on the Pacific or by the
Colombia River, where the common swan is met with, but the latter is
there outnumbered by the small species (_Cygnus Bewickii_) in the ratio
of five to one. This last again is not known in the fur countries of
the interior, where the _Cygnus Americanus_ is found, but where the
Trumpeter exists in greatest numbers. Indeed the skins of the Trumpeter
are those which are mostly exported by the Hudson's Bay Company, and
which form an important article of their commerce.
The swan is eagerly hunted by the Indians who inhabit the fur countries.
Its skin brings a good price from the traders, and its quills are
valuable. Besides, the flesh is a consideration with these people,
whose life, it must be borne in mind, is one continuous struggle for
food; and who, for one-half the year, live upon the very verge of
starvation.
The swan, therefore, being a bird that weighs between twenty and thirty
pounds, ranks among large game, and is hunted with proportionate ardour.
Every art the Indian can devise is made use of to circumvent these
great birds, and snares, traps, and decoys of all kinds are employed in
the pursuit.
But the swans are among the shyest of God's creatures. They fly so
rapidly, unless when beating against the wind, that it requires a
practised shot to hit them on the wing. Even when moulting their
feathers, or when young, they can escape--fluttering over the surface of
the water faster than a canoe can be paddled.
The most usual method of hunting them is by snares. These are set in
the following manner:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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