The Hairy Ammophila is one of the very rare exceptions among the
Digger-wasps in the matter of nest-building; she gets hers ready in the
early days of spring. Towards the end of March, if the season be mild,
or at latest in the first fortnight of April, when the Crickets assume
the adult form and laboriously cast the skin of infancy on the
threshold of their homes, when the poet’s-narcissus puts forth its
first flowers and the Bunting utters his long-drawn call from the top
of the poplars in the fields, Ammophila hirsuta is at work digging a
home for her grubs and victualling it, whereas the other Ammophilæ and
the various Hunting Wasps in general postpone this labour until autumn,
during September and October. This early nidification, preceding by six
months the date adopted by the vast majority, at once suggests a few
reflections.
We wonder if the Ammophilæ whom we find occupied with their burrows in
the first days of April are really insects of that year, that is to
say, if these spring workers completed their metamorphosis and left
their cocoons during the previous three months. The general rule is for
the Digger to become a perfect insect, to quit her subterranean
dwelling and to busy herself with her larvæ all in one season. Most of
the Predatory Wasps leave the galleries where they lived as larvæ in
the months of June and July and display their talents as miners and
hunters in the following months of August, September and October.
Does a similar law apply to the Hairy Ammophila? Does the same season
witness the insect’s final transformation and its labours? It is very
doubtful, for the Wasp occupied on the work of the burrow at the end of
March would in that case have to complete her metamorphosis and to
break out of her cocoon during the winter, or at latest in February.
The severity of the climate at this period does not allow us to accept
such a conclusion. It is not at a time when the bleak mistral howls for
a fortnight without intermission and freezes the ground hard, it is not
at a time when snowstorms follow close upon that icy blast, that the
delicate transformations of the nymphosis are able to take place or the
insect to dream of abandoning the shelter of its cocoon. It needs the
warm moisture of the earth under the summer sun before it can leave its
cell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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