The temporary closing of the burrow with a flat stone, as practised by
the Sandy Ammophila and the Silvery Ammophila, is apparently unknown to
the other two species. At any rate, I never saw their homes protected
by a lid. Besides, this absence of a provisional door seems to be
obligatory upon the Hairy Ammophila. In fact, as far as I could see,
this species hunts its prey first and then digs its burrow near the
place of capture. In this way the storing of the provisions can be done
straight away; and there is no need to trouble about a lid. As for the
Silky Ammophila, I suspect that she has another reason for not
employing a temporary cover. Whereas the three others put only one
caterpillar in each burrow, she puts in as many as five, though much
smaller ones. Just as we ourselves neglect to shut a door through which
we are constantly passing, so perhaps the Silky Ammophila neglects the
precaution of placing a stone over a well down which she has to go at
least five times in a short space of time.
In the case of all four, the provisions of the larvæ consist of
caterpillars of Moths. The Silky Ammophila selects, though not
exclusively, those long, thin caterpillars which walk by looping and
unlooping their bodies. Their gait suggests a pair of compasses that
makes its way by opening and closing in turns. Hence they are known by
two expressive names: Loopers and Measuring-worms. [32] The same burrow
contains provisions varying greatly in colour, a proof that the
Ammophila hunts without distinction every species of Loopers, provided
that they be small, for the huntress herself is anything but large and
her grub cannot get through very much, in spite of the five pieces of
game set before her. If Loopers fail, the Wasp falls back on other
equally slender caterpillars. Curved into a hoop as the result of the
sting that paralysed them, the five pieces are stacked up in the cell:
the uppermost carries the egg for which the provisions are made.
The three other Ammophilæ give only one caterpillar to each larva. It
is true that here bulk makes up for number: the game selected is big,
plump, capable of amply satisfying the grub’s appetite. For instance, I
have taken from the mandibles of the Sandy Ammophila a caterpillar
weighing fifteen times as much as its captor: fifteen times, an
enormous figure when we consider the strength which the huntress must
expend in dragging game of this kind by the skin of the neck over the
countless obstacles on the road. No other Wasp, tried in the balance
with her prey, has shown me a like disproportion between spoiler and
booty.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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