What sense, then? That of touch? Let us inquire. Everything tells us
that the organs of search are the antennæ. With their tips, bent like a
bow and quivering with a continual vibration, the insect tests the
ground, giving a number of little taps. When some crack shows, the
restless threads enter and sound it; when some grass-tuft spreads its
tangled root-stock along the ground, the quivering of the antennæ
redoubles as they grope among its knots and angles. Their tips are
applied for an instant to the spot explored, moulding themselves, so to
speak, upon it. They suggest two tactile filaments, two long fingers of
incomparable mobility, which gather information by feeling. But the
sense of touch can play no part in revealing what is underground: the
thing to be felt is the Grey Worm; and the worm is lying snug in its
burrow, at a depth of some inches below the surface.
We thereupon turn our thoughts to the faculty of scent. Insects, there
is no denying, possess the sense of smell, often very highly developed.
The Necrophori, [46] the Silphæ, [47] the Histers, [48] the Dermestes
[49] hasten from every side to the spot where lies a little corpse of
which the ground is to be purged. Guided by scent, these grave-diggers
hurry towards the dead Mole.
But, while the presence of the olfactory sense in insects is
indisputable, we still ask ourselves where it is seated. Many declare
that the seat is in the antennæ. Let us admit this, though it is
difficult to understand how a rod consisting of horny segments, jointed
end to end, can fulfil the office of a nostril which is so very
differently constructed. The organization of one apparatus having
naught in common with the other, can the impressions received by both
be of the same nature? When tools are dissimilar, do their functions
remain alike?
Besides, there are grave objections in the case of our Wasp. Smell is a
passive rather than an active sense; it does not, like touch,
anticipate the impression: it receives it; it does not inquire after
the scented effluvium: it accepts it when it comes. Now the Ammophila’s
antennæ are always moving: they investigate, they anticipate the
impression. The impression of what? If it were really an impression of
smell, repose would serve them better than a perpetual quivering.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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