Far below the sea surface, the solid earth trembles. Avalanches of water
are torn from the ocean and hurled down the slopes of the gale. A
colossal darkening storm begins to move across the ocean. It sucks
inward the hot, moist lower atmosphere and brings it along with it,
using the vapor to feed its monstrous, seething caldron. Down here at
the surface of the earth, its winds are warm and humid. Its
tentacles—octopus-like arms—reach out with gale-driven torrents of rain
and begin picking everything to pieces. After hours that seem like days,
the central fury of the earth-blasting storm begins its devastation of
man’s possessions.
And as it has proved to be unquestionably true that no two hurricanes
are exactly alike, so it is evident now that the same hurricane is
subject to massive changes from day to day. It has a life history. Like
the caterpillar that is transformed into the cocoon and then into the
butterfly, the tropical storm goes through definite stages. The problems
involved for the hurricane hunters in each of these distinct stages
demand separate solutions. Like a living thing, the monster has infancy,
youth, middle age and decline.
In infancy, its malevolent forces are directed vigorously toward the
mysterious removal of large quantities of air from above its gale-swept
domain. The excessive heat and moisture of its birthplace yield far more
energy than is needed to keep its mighty low-level winds in motion.
In youth, it is extremely violent and the removal of air brings
exceedingly low pressure into its center. Its outer parts become
ominously visible through the condensation of moisture on a grand scale,
cloaking its internal mechanism. Its destructive forces spread. In this
stage, the removal of air in upper regions continues in excess of the
inflow at the bottom in proportion to the horizontal expansion of the
system.
In middle age, its violent forces are directed toward maintenance of the
colossal wind system. The total energy it can derive from heat and
moisture no longer produces an outflow above in excess of the inflow of
air at the bottom. It expands in the vertical and its visible parts push
against the stratosphere. As it moves farther away from its birthplace
and the available energy begins to decline, it dies. For a few days
nature’s processes for the transport of moisture from the oceans to the
thirsty continents have run amuck. Life and property suffered while
torrential rains fell.
So it is clear that in life the monster thrives on heat and water vapor.
Down at sea level it is a warm phenomenon. Only the heated air of the
tropical regions can hold enough moisture to feed the giant.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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