[91] Editorial, "The Trade Unions to be Smashed Again," _American Federationist_, March, 1905. [92] _Private Correspondence_, March 26, 1912. [93] Feb., 1905, article entitled, "The Chicago Conference for Industrial Unionism." For a different interpretation of the Manifesto, _vide_ Frank Bohn's article in the same journal for April, 1905. [94] DeLeon-Harriman Debate. _The S. T. & L. A. vs. The Pure and Simple Trade Union_, p. 43. [95] Among these dissenters were Max Hayes, Victor Berger and A. M. Simons. _Cf._ letter written by Mr. Hayes to W. L. Hall in _Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, pp. 99-100. [96] Affiliated with American Federation of Labor at the time. [97] Affiliated with American Federation of Labor at the time. [98] _Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, p. 70. [99] Now called The International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers. [100] Among these were the Bakers and Confectioners, and the Carpenters and Joiners. [101] The Journeymen Tailors and the Switchmen each had delegates from two locals. [102] The United Metal Workers International Union was at least nominally affiliated with the A. F. of L. at the time of the January conference, but Secretary St. John writes "that the United Metal Workers ... as a matter of fact was out of existence before the I. W. W. convention, but existed on paper for the purpose of giving its old officials a standing in the new organization." [103] _Supra_, pp. 68-69. _Cf._ also _Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, p. 80. [104] _Vide infra_, p. 74. [105] _Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, p. 6. According to St. John this provision was drawn up on account of the fact that "all who were present as delegates were not there in good faith. Knowledge of this fact caused the signers of the Manifesto to constitute themselves a temporary committee on credentials."--_I. W. W., History, Structure and Methods_, revised 1917 edition, p. 3. [106] The figures here given are those cited by William D. Haywood (_Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, p. 204), but _cf._ St. John (_The I. W. W., History, etc._, pp. 3, 4), whose figures are somewhat lower. Among the "individual" delegates were "Mother" Mary Jones, A. M. Simons, Eugene V. Debs, and Robert Rives LaMonte. It was assumed that individual delegates were in duty bound to become a part of the revolutionary organization. (_Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, p. 54.) [107] The United Brotherhood of Railway Employees was at that time an integral part of the A. L. U., so that its membership must be deducted from the total. This represents nominal membership only. Hillquit (_History of Socialism in the United States_, rev. ed., p. 336), reports the A. L. U. as having only seven delegates, whereas there were ten besides the nineteen of the U. B. R. E., which are of course not included in his estimate. _Cf. Proceedings, First I. W. W. Convention_, pp. 610-611.