The Idea of a University Defined and Illustrated: In Nine Discourses Delivered to the Catholics of DublinNewman, John Henry
Religion
The Idea of a University Defined and Illustrated: In Nine Discourses Delivered to the Catholics of Dublin
Newman, John Henry
Education, Higher; Universities and colleges
I have drawn out this specimen at the risk of wearying the reader; but I
have wished to bring out clearly what it really is which an Entrance
Examination should aim at and require in its students. This young man had
read the Anabasis, and had some general idea what the word meant; but he
had no accurate knowledge how the word came to have its meaning, or of the
history and geography implied in it. This being the case, it was useless,
or rather hurtful, for a boy like him to amuse himself with running
through Grote’s many volumes, or to cast his eye over Matthiæ’s minute
criticisms. Indeed, this seems to have been Mr. Brown’s stumbling-block;
he began by saying that he had read Demosthenes, Virgil, Juvenal, and I do
not know how many other authors. Nothing is more common in an age like
this, when books abound, than to fancy that the gratification of a love of
reading is real study. Of course there are youths who shrink even from
story books, and cannot be coaxed into getting through a tale of romance.
Such Mr. Brown was not; but there are others, and I suppose he was in
their number, who certainly have a taste for reading, but in whom it is
little more than the result of mental restlessness and curiosity. Such
minds cannot fix their gaze on one object for two seconds together; the
very impulse which leads them to read at all, leads them to read on, and
never to stay or hang over any one idea. The pleasurable excitement of
reading what is new is their motive principle; and the imagination that
they are doing something, and the boyish vanity which accompanies it, are
their reward. Such youths often profess to like poetry, or to like history
or biography; they are fond of lectures on certain of the physical
sciences; or they may possibly have a real and true taste for natural
history or other cognate subjects;—and so far they may be regarded with
satisfaction; but on the other hand they profess that they do not like
logic, they do not like algebra, they have no taste for mathematics; which
only means that they do not like application, they do not like attention,
they shrink from the effort and labour of thinking, and the process of
true intellectual gymnastics. The consequence will be that, when they grow
up, they may, if it so happen, be agreeable in conversation, they may be
well informed in this or that department of knowledge, they may be what is
called literary; but they will have no consistency, steadiness, or
perseverance; they will not be able to make a telling speech, or to write
a good letter, or to fling in debate a smart antagonist, unless so far as,
now and then, mother-wit supplies a sudden capacity, which cannot be
ordinarily counted on. They cannot state an argument or a question, or
take a clear survey of a whole transaction, or give sensible and
appropriate advice under difficulties, or do any of those things which
inspire confidence and gain influence, which raise a man in life, and make
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