“When we consider only the revenues actually received by the government the conclusion inevitably [SN: THE PROPORTIONS OF INDIRECT TAXES.] reached is that the wealthy class pays less than one-tenth of the indirect taxes, the well-to-do class less than one-quarter and the relatively poorer classes more than two-thirds. The table summing up the incidence of these taxes in 1890 would stand as follows: +-------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+ | Class of Incomes. | Total Incomes | Total Property | National | | | in Dollars. | in Dollars. | Taxes + | | | | in Dollars. | +-------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+ | $5,000 and over | 3,110,000,000 | 35,500,000,000 | 35,000,000 | | $5,000 to $1,200 | 2,890,000,000 | 21,500,000,000 | 85,000,000 | | Under $1,200 | 4,800,000,000 | 9,000,000,000 | 260,000,000 | +-------------------+---------------+----------------+-------------+ +-------------------+---------------------+ | Class of Incomes. | Taxation to | | +---------+-----------+ | | Income. | Property. | +-------------------+---------+-----------+ | $5,000 and over | .01 | .001 | | $5,000 to $1,200 | .03 | .004 | | Under $1,200 | .05 | .028 | +-------------------+---------+-----------+ The above table of indirect taxes indicates that the poorer classes (including the homeless and landless) which had only little over $9,000,000,000 worth of the aggregate wealth, paid more than twice as much of these taxes as did the well-to-do and the wealthy classes taken together. Dr. Spahr, therefore, adds: “In the domain of direct taxation such injustice would not be tolerated one month, [SN: THE INDIRECT TAXES PAID.] but in the domain of indirect taxation it is endured year after year.”[167] So that, enduring similar injustice seven years—from 1891 to 1897 inclusive, the increased number of families paid the totals of indirect taxes approximately as follows: Table of Indirect Taxes Paid, 1891-7. -------------------+------------+-----------------+---------------- Classes | | Totals | of Families. | Number. | of Property. | Taxes Paid. -------------------+------------+-----------------+---------------- Families worth | | | $5,000 and over | 1,695,117 | $79,825,000,000 | $ 840,000,000 Families worth | | | under $5,000 | 12,755,310 | 7,000,000,000 | 1,479,179,059 -------------------+------------+-----------------+----------------