The Industrial Arts in SpainRiaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
History
The Industrial Arts in Spain
Riaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History; Pottery -- Spain -- History
It would take too much space to enumerate the choir seats in Spain
worthy of notice; those at Toledo rank as the most important, as
including the last period of the Gothic and best Renaissance styles.
This _coro_ contains 45 stalls in the lower, and 71 in the upper part.
Mr. Street fully describes the lower part in his "Gothic Architecture in
Spain," p. 252, and says: "The lower range of stalls, fifty in number,
are the work of Maestro Rodrigo, circa A.D. 1495; and the upper range
were executed, half by Berruguete and half by Felipe de Borgoña, A.D.
1543. The old stall ends are picturesque in outline, very large, and
covered with tracery, panels and carvings with monkeys and other animals
sitting on them. The upper range of stalls is raised by four steps, so
that between the elbows of the lower stalls and the desk above them, are
spaces filled in with a magnificent series of bas reliefs, illustrating
the various incidents of the conquest of Granada. They were executed
whilst the subjects depicted were fresh in the minds of the people, and
are full of picturesque vigour and character. The names of the
fortresses are inscribed on the walls; in some we have the siege, in
others the surrender of the keys; in others the Catholic monarchs,
accompanied by Cardinal Ximenes riding in triumph through the gates."
The upper stalls, although considered by Mr. Street "heavy dull
Paganism," are among the most important artistic works existing in
Spain. Their sculptures and ornamentation reproduce the Renaissance
Italian style in its finest period. Columns of red jasper are combined
with the walnut-wood carvings, and the termination of the upper part
which rests on the wall is of white marble carved by the same artists.
Choir stalls, sharing the fate of other architectural works, followed
the general path of decay after the 16th century. Those stalls at the
cathedral of Malaga, which were carved in the 17th century by José
Michael, Pedro de Mena, and Luis Ortiz, are worthy of mention: the
figures in high relief at the back are very fine. This falling off of
artistic feeling is particularly observable at the cathedral of Cordova;
the stalls there, which were carved by Pedro Duque Cornejo in the 18th
century, are admirable in richness of ornamentation, but the whole
decoration is in the worst possible taste. The fine lecterns which are
placed in the centres of the choirs are often good examples of carving.
An admirable model of this style exists at the cathedral of Zamora.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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