The Industrial Arts in SpainRiaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
History
The Industrial Arts in Spain
Riaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History; Pottery -- Spain -- History
These cabinets were made in a great variety of ways. Some were, as we
have seen, copied in Spain from foreign models, but the greater number
constituted a characteristic industry of the Peninsula. Some were
covered with wood carvings in a similar style to the large armoires in
the Sala Capitular at Toledo. Others were known by the name of
_Vargueños_, because the great centre of their manufacture is supposed
to have existed at the village of Vargas in the province of Toledo.
These cabinets are effective; their geometrical ornamentation is a
reminiscence of the Oriental style, and the iron work outside is very
striking. A good specimen may be seen at the Kensington Museum, No.
1073, '71; a woodcut of the upper portion is given on the next page.
We also meet with cabinets and armoires with glass doors covered with
tortoise-shell and gilt bronze. A splendid series of inlaid work of
tortoise-shell, ebony, mother-of-pearl and ivory is preserved at the
Sacristy of the Cartuja at Granada, made by a friar of the same convent,
Manuel Vazquez, at the beginning of the last century. Cabinets of ebony,
inlaid and covered with repoussé silver work, must have been very
generally made in Spain; silver was used to so great an extent after the
conquest of America, that a law was issued in 1574 prohibiting with the
utmost rigour the making and selling of this kind of merchandise, in
order not to increase the scarcity of silver. "No cabinets, desks,
coffers, braziers, etc., shall be manufactured of silver."
[Illustration: VARGUEÑO CABINET. SPANISH. 16TH CENTURY. SOUTH KENSINGTON
MUSEUM.]
Cabinets of inlaid ivory or different coloured woods which were
originally imported from Italy and Germany were constantly reproduced in
Spain, as will appear by the following dialogue:-- "How much has your
worship paid for this cabinet? It is worth more than 40 ducats. What
wood is it made of? The red one is made of mahogany from the Habana, and
the black one is made of ebony, and the white one of ivory. You will
find the workmanship excellent. Here you will find a finer cabinet.
Where was it made? It was brought with these chairs from Salamanca."
("Dialogos Familiares," by J. de Luna, Paris, 1669, p. 111.) Among
cabinets inlaid with bone or ivory there is a peculiar style in which
furniture brought from the Portuguese possessions in the East was
imitated in a rough way. Some also have reached us in which the drawers
are covered with embroidery in silks of different colours, exquisitely
worked. In the 17th century furniture of different kinds was covered
with embroidered silks. At the Kensington Museum there is an interesting
coffer, which came from the Convent of Loeches, and was originally the
gift of Count Duke de Olivares, Philip the IVth's minister.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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