Ancient India required a vast amount of clearing on the part of the first white settlers. _See_ Lassen, _Indische Altertumskunde_, vol. i. As to Egypt, compare Bunsen, _Ägyptens Stelle in der Weltgeschichte_, as to the fertilization of the Fayoum, a vast work executed by the early kings. Footnote 27: “They say that it spontaneously produces wheat, barley, beans, and sesame, and all the edible plants that grow in the plains” (Syncellus). Footnote 28: Salvador, _Histoire des Juifs_. Footnote 29: M. Saint-Marc Girardin, in the _Revue des Deux Mondes_. Footnote 30: We may cite, on the subject treated in this chapter, the opinion of a learned historian, though it is rather truculent in tone: “A large number of writers are convinced that the country makes the people; that the Bavarians or the Saxons were predestined by the nature of the soil to become what they are to-day; that Protestantism does not suit the South, nor Catholicism the North, and so on. Some of the people who interpret history in the light of their meagre knowledge, narrow sympathies, and limited intelligence would like to show that the nation of which we are speaking (the Jews) possessed such and such qualities—whether these gentlemen understand the nature of the qualities or not—merely from having lived in Palestine instead of India or Greece. But if these great scholars, who are so clever in proving everything, would condescend to reflect that the soil of the Holy Land has contained in its limited area very different peoples, with different ideas and religions, and that between these various peoples and their successors at the present day there have been infinite degrees of diversity, although the actual country has remained the same—they would then see how little influence is exerted by material conditions on a nation’s character and civilization.” Ewald, _Geschichte des Volkes Israel_, vol. i, p. 259. Footnote 31: Acts ii, 4, 8, 9–11. Footnote 32: Apocryphal Gospels: “The Story of Joseph the Carpenter,” chap. i. Footnote 33: Prichard, “Natural History of Man,” sec. 41. Footnote 34: _Ibid._ Footnote 35: “Synopsis of the Indian Tribes of North America.” Footnote 36: