Local history, value of, 10 Local life, always varied in England, 1 Locksmith, 29 London, 111 its "laws", 13 its Anglo-Saxon Gilds, 12 its Craft Gilds, 35 its rivalry with provincial towns, 92, 124 its modern pre-eminence, 1, 3, 123 Lostwithiel, 26 Ludlow, 28, 79, 109 Lyme Regis, 26 Lynn Regis, 25, 69 Macclesfield, 26 Machinery, introduction of, 4 Magna Carta, 136 Malmesbury, 25, 147 Marches, of Wales, 2, 148 Lords of, 2 Court of, 2, 89 President of, 2 Markets, 13, 15 Marlborough, 25 S. Mary, Chantry in Church of, 53 Mary, 118 Mason, 29 Masters, 40-41, 67, 75-76, 103, 105 May Day, 5, 98, 120 Mayor administers oath of admission, 99 Mellent, Robert, Earl of, 24 Mercers, 33, 44, 53, 59, 62, 63, 64, 73, 82, 83, 84, 88, 101, 103, 108, 126, 131, 135, 137, 138, of York, 84 Merchant, 14, 29, 38, 48 Merchant Gilds, the chief difference between town and country, 12, 21 originated to preserve peace, 12, 21 compared with Frith Gilds, 13, 46 trade regulations follow, 13 earliest mention, 14 royal authorisation, 14, 21 at Shrewsbury, 10, 14 effects, 16, 22 chronological list of, 24-8 relations with communa, 10, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 34 with Craft Gilds, 20 compared with Trades Unions, 46 functions and privileges of, 14-16, 18-19, 21 duties of gildsmen, 17 comprised majority of householders, 15, 22 all branches of trade, 16, 19, 30 and professions, 18 and women, 18 and ecclesiastics, 18 a rallying point for burgesses, 16, 22 all burgesses are gildsmen, 16 but all gildsmen are not burgesses, 18 efforts towards municipal objects, 20 gild hall becomes town hall, 17 in later years delegates its mercantile functions to Craft Gilds, 20, 22, 30, 34, 36 who sometimes in aggregate receive name of "Merchant Gild", 35 subsequent history, 35 S. Michael, patron of Mercers' Company, 53, 63 Militia, national, 11 Miller, 29, 59 Monasteries, 8, 67, 77 Monks' Gilds, 8 (and n. 2), 59, 140 Monks excluded from burgess-ship, 18 Montgomery, 26 Mornspeche, 43-44 Mortmain Acts, 55 (n. 2), 61 Much Wenlock, see Wenlock Municipal Corporations Act, 127, 136, 156 Municipalities, see Boroughs Mynde, Abbot, 61 Neath, 27, 147 Nevin, 27 Newborough, 27 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 25 Newcastle-under-Lyme, 26 Newport (Salop), 26 Newport, 27 Newton, 27 Norfolk, 69 Norman Conquest, 10 favours trade, 13, 21 Norwich, 147 Nottingham, 25 Oaths, 39, 53 Odd Fellows, 68 see Friendly Societies Oswestry, 27, 89 rivalry with Shrewsbury, 91-96 Overton, 26 Oxford, 25, 35 Pageants, 4, 33, 42, 63, 113-127 Painters, 118 Palmer, 29 Parchment-makers, 39 Paul's Cross, 74 Peasant Revolt, 56 Pelterer, 29 Pembroke, Earl of, 27 Petersfield, 24 Pewterer, 53