The influence of Greek ideas and usages upon the Christian churchHatch, Edwin
Philosophy
The influence of Greek ideas and usages upon the Christian church
Hatch, Edwin
Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600; Philosophy -- History; Philosophy, Ancient; Theology, Doctrinal
“Let us call upon God Himself before we thus answer—not with
uttered words, but stretching forth our souls in prayer to
Him, for this is the only way in which we can pray, alone to
Him who is alone. We must, then, gaze upon Him in the inner
part of us, as in a temple, being as He is by Himself, abiding
still and beyond all things (ἐπέκεινα ἁπάντων). Everything that
moves must have an object towards which it moves. But the One
has no such object; consequently we must not assert movement
of Him.... Let us not think of production in time, when we
speak of things eternal.... What then was produced was produced
without His moving: ... it had its being without His assenting
or willing or being moved in anywise. It was like the light
that surrounds the sun and shines forth from it, though the sun
is itself at rest: it is reflected like an image. So with what
is greatest. That which is next greatest comes forth from Him,
and the next greatest is νοῦς; for νοῦς sees Him and needs Him
alone.”[463]
But the conception of transcendence is capable of taking two forms.
It may be that of a God who passes beyond all the classes into which
sensible phenomena are divisible, by virtue of His being pure Mind,
cognizable only by mind; or it may be that of a God who exists _extra
flammantia moenia mundi_, filling the infinite space which surrounds
and contains all the spheres of material existence. The one God is
transcendent in the proper sense of the term; the other is supra-cosmic.
In either case He is said to be unborn, undying, uncontained; and since
the same terms are thus used to express the elements of both forms of the
conception, it is natural that these forms should readily pass into each
other, and that the distinction between them should not always be present
to a writer’s mind or perceptible in his writings. But the conception in
one or other of its forms fills a large place in later Greek philosophy.
It blended in a common stream with the new currents of religious feeling.
[The process is well illustrated by Philo.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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