The influence of Greek ideas and usages upon the Christian churchHatch, Edwin
Philosophy
The influence of Greek ideas and usages upon the Christian church
Hatch, Edwin
Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600; Philosophy -- History; Philosophy, Ancient; Theology, Doctrinal
ii. A philosophical basis for the theory was afforded by the Platonic
_Ideai_ or Forms, and the Stoical _Logoi_ or Reasons. We have already
seen the place which those Forms, viewed also as Forces, and those
Reasons, viewed also as productive Seeds, filled in the later Greek
cosmologies and cosmogonies. They were not less important in relation
to the theory of the transcendence of God. The Forms according to which
He shaped the world, the Forces by which He made and sustains it, the
Reasons which inhere in it and, like laws, control its movements, are
outflows from and reflexions of His nature, and communicate a knowledge
of it to His intelligent creatures. In the philosophy of Philo, these
philosophical conceptions are combined with both the Greek conception
of Dæmons and the Hebrew conception of Angels. The four conceptions,
Forms, _Logoi_, Dæmons, and Angels, pass into one another, and the
expressions which are relative to them are interchangeable. The most
common expression for them is _Logoi_, and it is more commonly found in
the singular, _Logos_.
(3) _The Distinctions in the Nature of God._—The _Logos_ is able to
reveal the nature of God because it is itself the reflexion of that
nature. It is able to reveal that nature to intelligent creatures because
the human intelligence is itself an offshoot of the Divine. As the eye of
sense sees the sensible world, which also is a revelation of God,[476]
since it is His thought impressed upon matter, so the reason sees the
intelligible world, the world of His thoughts conceived as intelligible
realities, existing separate from Him.
“The wise man, longing to apprehend God, and travelling along
the path of wisdom and knowledge, first of all meets with the
divine Reasons, and with them abides as a guest; but when
he resolves to pursue the further journey, he is compelled
to abstain, for the eyes of his understanding being opened,
he sees that the object of his quest is afar off and always
receding, an infinite distance in advance of him.”[477] “Wisdom
leads him first into the antechamber of the Divine Reason, and
when he is there he does not at once enter into the Divine
Presence; but sees Him afar off, or rather not even afar off
can he behold Him, but only he sees that the place where he
stands is still infinitely far from the unnamed, unspeakable,
and incomprehensible God.”[478]
What he sees is not God Himself but the likeness of Him, “just as those
who cannot gaze upon the sun may yet gaze upon a reflexion of it.”[479]
The _Logos_, reflecting not only the Divine nature, but also the Divine
will and the Divine goodness, becomes to men a messenger of help; like
the angel to Hagar, it brings advice and encouragement;[480] like the
angel who redeemed Jacob (Gen. xlviii. 16), it rescues men from all kinds
of evil;[481] like the angel who delivered Lot from Sodom, it succours
the kinsmen of virtue and provides for them a refuge.[482]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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