The Inhabitants of the PhilippinesSawyer, Frederic H.
History
The Inhabitants of the Philippines
Sawyer, Frederic H.
Ethnology -- Philippines; Philippines -- Social life and customs
Whatever talents a friar had, a sphere could always be found for
their exercise. If he had a gift for preaching, he could be appointed
Orator of the Order. If he was good at Latin and Greek, he could be
made a professor at the university. If he was a good business man,
he could be chosen procurator. If he had diplomatic talents, he could
be made commissary of the order at Madrid. In any case he was sure
to be taken care of to the end of his days.
As for the Orders in themselves, I have already said that,
excepting the Society of Jesus, they are little republics, and that
office-holders are elected by the votes of the members. When a general
Chapter of the Order is held for this purpose, the members come from
all parts and assemble in their convent in Manila.
I am sorry to say that there has sometimes been so much feeling aroused
over the question of the distribution of the loaves and fishes, that
the opposing parties have broken up the chairs and benches to serve
as clubs, and furiously attacked each other in the battle royal,
and with deplorable results.
In consequence of this, when the chapter or general assembly was to
be held, the governor-general nominated a royal commissary, often
a colonel in the army, to be present at these meetings, but only to
interfere to keep the peace. It was something of an anomaly to see a
son of Mars deputed to keep the peace in an assembly of the clergy. The
meeting commenced with prayer, then one by one all the dignitaries
laid down their offices and became private members of the Order,
so that at the end of this ceremony every one was absolutely equal.
Then the eldest rose and solemnly adjured any one present who held a
Bull of the Holy Father, to produce it then and there under pain of
major excommunication. Three times was this solemn warning delivered.
It owes its origin, perhaps, to some surprise sprung on a brotherhood
in former days, yet it is to be noted that one of the privileges of
their Catholic majesties the kings of Spain was, that no Bull should
run in their dominions without their approval.
Then free from outside interference, and all present being on an
equal footing the election takes place. Amidst great excitement
the Provincial, the Procurator, the Orator, the Definidores, or
Councillors, are chosen according to their popularity, or as they are
deemed best fitted to advance the interests of the voter or the Order.
The selection of office-holders is a matter of the greatest importance
to the members, as those in power distribute the benefices and are
apt to be more alive to the merits of their supporters, than to the
pretensions of those who have voted for others.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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