The instinct of workmanship, and the state of industrial artsVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The instinct of workmanship, and the state of industrial arts
Veblen, Thorstein
Industrial arts -- History; Industries -- History; Technology -- History; Workmanship -- History
That authentication of ownership out of which the sacred rights of
property have apparently grown may well have arisen as a sort of mutual
insurance among owners as against the disaffection of the dispossessed;
which would presently give rise to a sentiment of solidarity within
the class of owners, would acquire prescriptive force through habitual
enforcement, become a matter of customary right to be consistently
respected under the institutional forms of property, and eventuate in
that highly moralised expression of self-aggrandisement which it is
today. But with the putting-away of fancy-free predation, as being a
conventionally disallowed means of self-aggrandisement, sentiments
of equity and solidarity would presently come in--perhaps at the
outset by way of disingenuous make-believe--and so the way would be
made easier under the shelter of this range of conceptions for a
rehabilitation of the primordial parental instinct and its penchant for
the common good. And when ownership has once been institutionalised
in this impersonal and quasi-dispassionate form it will lend but a
decreasingly urgent bias to the cultural scheme in the direction of
differential respect of persons and a differential rating of natural
phenomena in respect of the occult potencies and efficacies imputed to
them.
As the institutional ground has shifted from free-swung predation
to a progressively more covert régime of self-aggrandisement and
differential gain, the instinct of workmanship has progressively found
freer range and readier access to its raw material. The differential
good repute of wealth and rank has of course continued to be of much
the same nature in the later (commercial) stages of the pecuniary
culture as in the earlier (predatory) stages. An aristocratic (or
servile) scheme of life must necessarily run in invidious terms, since
that is the whole meaning of the phenomenon; and resting as any such
scheme does on pecuniary distinctions, whether direct or through the
intermediary term of predatory exploit, it will necessarily involve the
corollary that wealth and exemption from work (_otium cum dignitate_)
is honourable and that poverty and work is dishonourable. But with the
progressive commercialisation of gain and ownership it also comes to
pass that peaceable application to the business in hand may have much
to do with the acquirement of a reputable standing; and so long as
work is of a visibly pecuniary kind and is sagaciously and visibly
directed to the acquisition of wealth, the disrepute intrinsically
attaching to it is greatly offset by its meritorious purpose. So much
so, indeed, that there has even grown up something of a class feeling,
among the class who have come by their wealth through industry and
shrewd dealing, to the effect that peaceable diligence and thrift are
meritorious traits.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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