In modern civilization, the material essentials of life are five, namely: food, clothing, shelter, means of locomotion, and the printed page. Accordingly I will formulate this program as follows: I. The Food Industry. II. The Clothing Industry. III. The Housing Industry. IV. The Motoring Industry. V. The Printing Industry. PART I The Food Industry The food industry should be treated under the following headings: a. The Production of Food. b. The Storage and Transportation of Food. c. The Preparation and Preservation of Food. d. The Distribution and Exportation of Food. a. The Production of Food Human foods are derived from three sources: the land, the sea and the air. By far the most important and greatest in quantity consumed is aerial food of which oxygen is the most vital element. But this aerial food is abundantly provided by nature, and no human labor is needed for its production except that which is occasionally needed for the airman and the submariner. So this food is free to all. It is not necessary for us to discuss it here. The production of food from the sea which I have already touched upon when I dealt with the construction of fishing harbors and the building of fishing crafts, will also be left out here. It is the specific industries in the production of food from land, which need foreign help that are to be discussed here. China is an agricultural country. About four-fifths of its population is occupied in the work of producing food. The Chinese farmer is very skillful in intensive cultivation. He can make the land yield to its utmost capacity. But vast tracts of arable lands are lying waste in thickly populated districts for one cause or other. Some are due to lack of water, some to too much of it and some to the "dog in the manger" system,--the holding up of arable land by speculators and land sharks for higher rents and prices. The land of the eighteen provinces alone is at present supporting a population of four hundred millions. Yet there is still room for development which can make this same area of land yield more food if the waste land be brought under cultivation, and the already cultivated land be improved by modern machinery and scientific methods. The farmers must be protected and encouraged by liberal land laws by which they can duly reap the fruits of their own labor. In regard to the production of food in our international development scheme, two necessary undertakings should be carried out which will be profitable at the same time. (1) A scientific survey of the land. (2) The establishment of factories for manufacturing agricultural machinery and implements.