The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His AssociatesDe Vinne, Theodore Low
History
The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His Associates
De Vinne, Theodore Low
Incunabula -- Bibliography; Printing -- History -- Origin and antecedents
Koning describes the inventor as Laurens Janszoon Koster, and not as
Lourens Janszoon. He says that Koster was born about 1370; that there
are no records of his early life, and that his name does not appear
on any of the registers of Haarlem, municipal or ecclesiastical,
until he became a man of middle age. After this period of his life,
notices are frequent. He was the sacristan of a church from 1421 to
1433. He was, at different times, alderman and presiding alderman,
treasurer of the town, lender of money to the city, officer in the
citizens’ guard, member of the grand council, and deputy to a [p357]
convocation of the States—clearly a man of wealth and distinction.
There was a great pestilence in Haarlem in the latter part of the
year 1439, and Koning says it seems probable that Koster was one of
its many victims. Koster’s only child was a daughter named Lucette,
who married Thomas, the son of Pieter Pieterzoon—the Peter mentioned
by Junius. Pieterzoon had three children, but with them the family
name was lost. This Laurens Janszoon Koster invented xylography and
typography. He experimented with types of wood, but did not use them
for practical work. His types were founded in matrices of lead, and
in moulds of metal; he invented printing ink, and printed his books
with inking balls on a press. His materials were rude, but the process
was substantially the same as that of modern printers. He printed
the first edition of the _Speculum_ in 1430, and sixteen other books
before his death. His business as a printer was continued for some
years, but in a feeble manner, by his grandsons. The thief of Koster’s
process was Frielo Gensfleisch.
In the town records Koster is not noticed as a printer, but Koning
described his method of printing, his punches, moulds, matrices,
presses, inking balls, ink, types, and printing office furniture, with
as much boldness as if he had been eye-witness to the entire process.
Nor was this his only error. It has since been proved that he willfully
suppressed many important facts in the records which are of great
importance in an examination of the life and services of Coster. It is
plain that he was more intent on pleasing the national pride than on
revealing the truth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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