The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His AssociatesDe Vinne, Theodore Low
History
The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His Associates
De Vinne, Theodore Low
Incunabula -- Bibliography; Printing -- History -- Origin and antecedents
There is material in this event for an affecting drama: a genial
inventor, indefatigably occupied in realizing an idea, an usurious and
crafty money-lender, abusing the financial carelessness of a genius,
to get him more and more into his power; a clever servant courting
the daughter of the usurer, and conspiring with him against the great
master; the inventor robbed of all the fruit of his exertions during
many years, at the moment that it was ripe to be gathered.
_Van der Linde._
* * * * *
Gutenberg’s last act upon record in Strasburg was the selling out of
the last remnant of his inheritance. The first evidence we have of his
return to Mentz is an entry, on the sixth day of October, 1448, in a
record of legal contracts, in which he appears as a borrower of money.
It seems that Gutenberg had persuaded his kinsman, Arnold Gelthus,
to borrow from Rynhard Brömser and John Rodenstein, the sum of 150
guilders, for the use of which Gutenberg promised to pay the yearly
interest of 8-1/2 guilders. Gutenberg had no securities to offer;
Gelthus had to pledge the rents of some houses for this purpose. How
this money was to be used is not stated, but it may be presumed that
Gutenberg needed it for the development of his grand invention. His
plans, [p404] whatever they were, met with the approbation of his
uncle John Gensfleisch, by whose permission he occupied the leased
house[248] _Zum Jungen_, which he used not only for a dwelling, but as
a printing office.
At this time Gutenberg was, no doubt, nearly perfect in his knowledge
of the correct theory of type-founding, and had also acquired fair
practice as a printer. Helbig thinks that he had ready the types of the
_Bible of 36 lines_. Madden says that he was then, or very soon after,
engaged in printing a small edition of this book. There is evidence
that these types were in use at least as early as 1451. Two leaves of
an early typographic edition of the _Donatus_, 27 lines to the page,
printed on vellum from the types of the _Bible of 36 lines_, have been
discovered near Mentz, in the original binding of an old account book
of 1451.[249] In one word the letter i is reversed, a positive proof
that it was printed from types, and not from blocks. The ink is still
very black, but Fischer says that it will not resist water.[250] As
this fragment shows the large types of the _Bible of 36 lines_ in their
most primitive form, it authorizes the belief that it should have been
printed by Gutenberg soon after his return to Mentz.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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