The frequent changes in the positions and names of Indian towns, thus well explained and exemplified, will account; for the fact that so few of the ancient names in the list which the tenacious memories of the record-keepers retained have come down in actual use to modern times. The well-known landmark of the Oneida stone seems to have preserved the name of the town,--_Onenyute,_ "the projecting rock,"--from which the nation derived its usual designation. _Deserokenh_, or, as the Jesuit missionaries wrote it, _Techiroguen_, was situated near the outlet of the Oneida lake, at the point where the great northern trail crossed this outlet. A village of some importance is likely to have been always found at or near that locality. The same may be said of _Deyuhhero,_ or _Tiohero,_ where the main trail which united all the cantons crossed the river outlet of Lake Cayuga. In other cases, though the identity of names is clear, that of the localities is more doubtful. The _Kaneghsadakeh_ of the list, the "Hill-side town," may be the _Kanasadaga_ of the Senecas; but, as General Clark remarks, the name might have been applied to any town on the side of a mountain. In like manner _Deyughsweken_ (or _Deyohsweken_), which is said to mean "flowing out," may have been the town from which the Oswego river took its name, or a town at the mouth of any other river; and _Deyaokenh,_ "the Forks," may have been Tioga, or any other village at the junction of two streams. _Fonondese_ ("it is a high hill") is perhaps the same name as Onontare, which in Charlevoix's map appears as Onnontatacet; [Footnote: See _"Early Chapters of Cayuga History,"_ p. 48.] but the name may well have been a common one. A few other apparent coincidences might be pointed out; but of most of the towns in the list we can only say that no trace remains in name or known locality, and that in some cases even the meaning of the names has ceased to be remembered. General Clark sums up his conclusions on this point in the following words: "They appear to belong to a remote--I may say a very remote--age, and not to be referred to any particular known localities; and this, as it appears to me, is more to the credit of the manuscript as an archaic work." NOTE F. THE PRE-ARYAN RACE IN EUROPE AND AMERICA. [The following is the concluding portion of an essay on "Indian Migrations, as evidenced by Language," which was read at the Montreal meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in August, 1882, and published in the "American Antiquarian" for January and April, 1883. As the views set forth in this extract have a bearing on the subjects discussed in the present work, the author takes the opportunity of reproducing them here for the consideration of its readers.]