The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 8: Quebec, Hurons, Cape Breton, 1634-1636
History
The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents, Vol. 8: Quebec, Hurons, Cape Breton, 1634-1636
Canada -- History -- To 1763 (New France); Indians of North America -- Canada; Jesuits -- Missions; Jesuits -- North America
38 (p. 125).--Scanonaenrat (where was the mission of St. Michael)
was one of the largest towns of the Huron country--itself comprising
the entire nation of the Tohontahenrats. It was on the forest trail
leading from the upper mission towns in Tiny township to Teanaustayé
(St. Joseph), and about 1¼ leagues from the latter (_Relation_ for
1639). Du Creux's map places it at a short distance northwest of the
small body of water now known as Orr Lake; and there are extensive
remains in the tract between this lake and the modern village of
Waverley that correspond very well with the numerous references to
St. Michael in the _Relations_. Here have been found, in a space
about two miles square, traces of a large town, and of half a dozen
others, smaller, but similar. With each of these sites there is,
instead of the usual ossuary, a cemetery of isolated graves. In this
respect the Tohontahenrats appear to have differed from the other
Huron nations, who adopted the ossuary almost to the exclusion of
every other mode of burial. One small ossuary, however, was found in
this tract in 1895 (_Ontario Archæol. Rept._, 1894-95, p. 42). Among
its contents were four brass finger-rings, on which can be distinctly
seen the cross and the initials I. H. S. Patches of ground strewn with
iron tomahawks--indubitable signs of Indian conflict--are common in
this neighborhood, confirming the Jesuits' accounts of the battles
of 1648-50, when seven hundred Huron warriors were quartered here
(_Relation_ for 1649, chap. iii.), and suggesting other conflicts which
these chroniclers had probably overlooked in the general confusion of
that period. Several farms in the first concession of Medonté township
(lots 68 to 74 inclusive), in the immediate neighborhood of St.
Michael, abound in this class of relics. Dr. Taché's location of this
mission town, as given in the map of the Huron country in Parkman's
_Jesuits_, is several miles from the correct position.--A. F. HUNTER.
39 (p. 125).--_Lake of the Hiroquois_: see vol. i., _note_ 67.
40 (p. 135).--See Hunter's note on the Tobacco Nation, vol. v., _note_
18. Hale found, in 1872-74 (_Jour. Amer. Folk-Lore_, vol. i., p. 178),
among the Wyandots of the Anderdon Reserve, "the most archaic form of
the Huron-Iroquois speech that had yet been discovered. I believe it
to be the dialect which was spoken by the tribe formerly known to the
French colonists as the 'Tobacco People' (Nation du Petun), but among
the Hurons and Iroquois as the Tionontates (corrupted by the English to
Dionondaddies), which means, apparently, 'people beyond the hills.'"
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