The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth TheoryRobertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Religion
The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth Theory
Robertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Jesus Christ
Rather we seem bound to infer that Christianity made headway
by assimilating pagan ideas and usages on a basis of Judaic
organization. It is ultimately organization that conserves cults;
and the vital factor in the Christian case is the adaptation of the
model set by the Jewish synagogues and their central supervision. Of
course even organization cannot avert brute conquest; and the organized
pagan cults in the towns of the Empire went down ultimately before
Christian violence as the Christian went down before violence in
Persia in the age of the Sassanides. But Christian organization,
improving upon Jewish, with no adequate rivalry on the pagan side,
developed the situation in which Constantine saw fit to imperialize
the cultus, as the one best fitted to become that of the State.
How then did the organization begin and grow? The data point
insistently to a special group in Jerusalem; and behind the myth of
the gospels we have historical and documentary ground for a hypothesis
which can account for that as for the other myth-elements.
§ 2. The Silence of Josephus
When we are considering the possibilities of underlying historical
elements in the gospel story, it may be well to note on the one hand
the entirely negative aspect of the works of Josephus to that story,
and on the other hand the emergence in his writings of personages
bearing the name Jesus. If the defenders of the historicity of the
gospel Jesus would really stand by Josephus as a historian of Jewry
in the first Christian century, they would have to admit that he
is the most destructive of all the witnesses against them. It is
not merely that the famous interpolated passage [270] is flagrantly
spurious in every aspect--in its impossible context; its impossible
language of semi-worship; its "He was (the) Christ"; its assertion of
the resurrection; and its allusion to "ten thousand other wonderful
things" of which the historian gives no other hint--but that the
flagrant interpolation brings into deadly relief the absence of all
mention of the crucified Jesus and his sect where mention must have
been made by the historian if they had existed. If, to say nothing of
"ten thousand wonderful things," there was any movement of a Jesus of
Nazareth with twelve disciples in the period of Pilate, how came the
historian to ignore it utterly? If, to say nothing of the resurrection
story, Jesus had been crucified by Pilate, how came it that there is
no hint of such an episode in connection with Josephus' account of
the Samaritan tumult in the next chapter? And if a belief in Jesus
as a slain and returning Messiah had been long on foot before the
fall of the Temple, how comes it that Josephus says nothing of it
in connection with his full account of the expectation of a coming
Messiah at that point?
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