Great: H. Kabir (Arab.); G. Bara (Hind.); N. Bari. Small: H. Sughayyar (Arab.); G. Thoranki (Hind.). Black: H. Aswadish (corr. Arab.); G. Kálo (Hind.). White: all use Alyar (Arab.). Cold: H. Melladish (corr. Arab.); G. Memudrih. Hot: H. Mahrarish (corr. Arab.); G. Garu (Pers.). ADVERBS. Much: H. Ketír (Arab.); G. Bhút (Hind.). A little: H. Meframrush; G. Theráki, Thukrání (corr. Hind.). Enough: H. Keffi (Arab.); G. Bas (Pers.), Nunniya. Here: H. Hene (Arab.); G. Syde. There: H. Hunáh (Arab.); G. Aurileh. [201] This proves one of two things: first, that the Gypsies left India before the Hindus had borrowed a Western character from the Phœnicians; or two, the Gypsies were a low caste, which, like the Pariahs and others, ignore writing. [202] When travelling, for instance, they place on prominent rocks and remarkable trees pebbles, bits of thread, and similar articles, showing the road they have taken. [203] Letter written from Algiers, and published in the _Union Médicale_ of January 2, 1860. [204] This is evidently the hypnotism so called by Dr. John Braid, of Manchester, the Braidism of Continental writers. The discovery was made in 1841. See _Neurypnology, or the Rationale of Nervous Sleep, Considered in Relation with Animal Magnetism_. About 1849, profiting by the studies of Doctors J. B. Dods and Philips, a certain Mr. Stone introduced into England a modification of hypnotism, which he absurdly called _Electro-biology_; his zinc and copper discs were the civilized succedanea of the ink-blot. [205] _Narrative of Travels in_ 1822-24. The folio edition shows two women with the crisp African hair. CHAPTER VII THE GYPSY IN EUROPE § 1. _The Gypsy in Hungary_ The Czigany, as they are called, appeared early in the fifteenth century, and were supposed to have fled from Moghol persecution. King Sigismund, father of the heroic John Hunyadi,[206] allowed them to settle in his realm, and the law called them “mere peasants.” In 1496 Bishop Sigismund at Funf-Kirchen ordered iron cannon-balls from the Gypsies to be used against the Turkish invaders of Hungary; and he was doughtily supported against the Turks by King Zindelo, Dukes Miguel and Andrew, by Counts Manuel and Juan, by the “noble knight” Pedro, and by the chief Tomas Polgar.