One other matter was easier for Romans to comprehend, and that was the
inviolable sanctity of certain things and places. It was a common enough
conception that certain places were unapproachable to all but a few,
ἄδυτα; and that certain things, like the Palladium,
suffered profanation from the slightest touch. They submitted
accordingly with a good grace to exclusion from most of the temple
precincts, and Nero[293] readily gave his consent to the building of the
wall that prevented Agrippa II from turning the temple ceremonies into a
show for his courtiers. The punishment of a Roman soldier, who tore a
scroll of the Pentateuch, is another case in point. The soldier may have
been a Syrian enrolled from the section in which he served, and not
properly a Roman at all. None the less an arbitrary and distinctly
unsympathetic procurator felt his responsibility for threatened
disorders keenly enough to make this drastic example.[294]
Herod had kept order. He had done so with a high hand, and had met with
frequent rebellions. Himself wholly inclined to complete Hellenization,
he had made many efforts to conciliate his Jewish subjects. His lust for
building he gratified only in the pagan cities subject to him. His coins
bear no device except the inanimate objects and vegetable forms allowed
by law and tradition. With cautious regard to certain openly expressed
fears on the part of the Jews, he rebuilt the temple on a magnificent
scale. He spoke of the Israelites as “our ancestors.”[295] As has been
said, he did not wholly want adherents among priests and people. That he
died as an embittered and vindictive despot, conscious of being
generally detested, and contriving fiendish plots to make his death
deplored, is probable enough, and is amply explained by the domestic
difficulties with which he had to contend all his life.[296]
In some cases at least, it was his zeal for orderly administration that
caused friction with the people. His law sentencing burglars to foreign
slavery is an instance (Jos. Ant. XVI. i. 1). In general, however, the
mere suppression of more or less organized brigandage was a task that
took all his attention, but this “brigandage” was often a real attempt
at revolution, in which popular teachers were suspected of being
implicated, and every such suppression carried with it in its train a
series of executions that did not increase the king’s popularity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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