A fact, which may be accidental, and is certainly noteworthy, is that,
of all the struggles of the Jews with their surroundings, after 68, none
are localized in Asia Minor.
It was, however, in Asia Minor that the Jews were especially numerous
and influential. To a certain extent their propaganda had become most
firmly established there, and their position was so intrenched that even
the hostile legislation of the later Byzantine emperors found them in
successful resistance. We find evidences of certain laxity in the
practice of Jewish rites, but neither in 68 nor under Trajan or Hadrian
did the Asiatic Jews take part in the movements that convulsed that
section of the Jews of the empire. And yet it was in the cities of Asia
that the Jews in earlier days did meet hostility and direct attacks, and
needed the assistance of the Roman central government, to be maintained
in the position which they claimed for themselves.[385] However, in that
most ancient and fertile nursery of beliefs and mysteries, the Jewish
mystery evidently found a grateful soil and, as we have seen, sent its
roots deep.[386]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER XXI
THE LEGAL POSITION OF THE JEWS IN THE LATER EMPIRE
The empire established by Augustus was, as has been set forth (above, p.
259), a more or less abstract thing. It was the _imperium_, or supreme
authority, which a single community, the city-state of Rome, exercised
over all the other communities existing within certain not over sharply
defined geographic limits. This _imperium_ was, by Roman statute or
series of statutes, almost completely delegated to a single individual.
The delegation however was not quite complete, and the legal theory that
made it incomplete remained to work no little mischief in a crisis like
the death of Nero or Domitian or Commodus.
When Diocletian reorganized the empire in 286 C.E., the theory was
completely changed. The _imperium_ was now a _dominium_; it was the
authority that a single man possessed over all the inhabitants of a
region greater even than it was under Augustus, and that authority was
in point of law as limitless as that of a master over his slaves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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