From the above two sets of figures were thus obtained a fair norm of
visualization for ordinary individuals; and in comparison a marked variation
from this in stutterers. This data therefore warranted the tentative
conclusion that stutterers have a loss or diminished power of visualization.
This assertion may seem a little more than is warranted by such meagre data
and perhaps would be better revised pending further data into the following:
As compared with the normal, stutterers show a weakness in visualization.
3. THE RESEARCH, ITS OBJECTS AND METHODS:
These general orientation tests for a norm and its pathological variation
were the basis upon which I proceeded on broader lines with a further and
more exhaustive investigation with the following points in view:
To what extent is visualization weak?
Is it weaker in the worst cases?
Is it less and less weak as cases appear less severe?
Is it the same for past, present and future memories?
Is visualization equally at fault in all sensory areas of the cortex?
Do cases approach normal visualization processes in proportion as they
progress in their cure? and
Lastly, numerous other minor queries presented themselves.
All these questions were answered in the following research, which after
thus much orientation found a more complete and final form.
In order to answer these questions I formulated the following series of
tests to the number of twenty-four in all, and asked them in series to
nineteen stutterers, making almost four hundred tests:
1. Speech:
Say, Today is sunny.
The dog ran across the street.
Submarines will sink all the steamers.
2. Motor:
Do you dance?
Did you ever skate?
Would you sew for a living?
3. General Sensory:
How does a pinch feel?
Did you ever get hurt?
What would you like to do if it was very hot next summer?
4. Hearing: (Eyes closed)
Do you hear anything?
Did you ever hear a rooster crow?
What sounds would you like to hear next summer?
5. Sight: (Eyes closed)
What do you see now?
What did you see yesterday?
What would you like to see next summer?
6. Smell: (Eyes closed) (Pen to nose)
Do you smell anything?
What have you told by smell?
What would you like to smell next summer?
7. Taste: (Eyes closed)
Do you taste anything?
What have you been able to tell by the taste?
What would you like to taste next summer?
8. Muscle Sense: (Eyes closed)
Put one arm up; the other like it.
Put one arm up, down; the other like it.
How would you hold a hand to read from it?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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