SUMMARY: Psychoanalysis reveals stuttering as some vague trouble in the
personality[1]. Psychological Analysis shows stuttering is an absent or weak
visualization at the time of speech. This new concept of stuttering as
faulty visualization may be called Visual Centre Asthenia. This lack or
weakness in visualization accounts for all the numerous phenomena of
stuttering in severe, medium, or mild cases. A new treatment is indicated.
REFERENCES
[1] Swift: Walter B, A Psychoanalysis of the Stutter Complex with Results
of Synthesis.
[2] Swift Walter B., demonstration eines Hundes, dem beide Schafenlappen
xtirpiert worden Sind. Neurologisches Centralblatt, 1910, no 13.
THE ORIGIN OF SUPERNATURAL EXPLANATIONS[*]
[*] Read at the 7th Annual Meeting of the American Psychopathological
Association, New York, May, 1915.
BY TOM A. WILLIAMS, M. B., C. M. (EDINBURGH)
Corresponding Member Neurol. and Psychol. Societies of Paris, etc.
Neurologist to Freedmen's Hospital and Epiphany Dispensary, Lecturer on
Nervous and Mental Diseases, Howard University, Washington, D. C.
THERE is a general impression that the explanations of natural phenomena,
including human destinies, to which the term superstitious is given are
usually attributable to the vestiges of traditional cosmogonies of our
tribal ancestors handed down to children at the knees of their parents or
guardians. This explanation however, is only true of a portion of the
beliefs which we call superstitions. The demand for superstitious
explanations depends upon psychophysiological tendencies of the human
organism, the root of which is comprised in the affect which we call
craving. This theorem I have tried to develop as follows:--
I
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