The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
Among the boulders of the belt are occasionally found specimens of
impure limestone or of limy sandstone that might perhaps be referred
doubtfully to some member of the paleozoic series; but on the other
hand, might with equal or greater probability perhaps be referred to
the similar rocks of the Huronian series. These are quite rare, never
forming, so far as my observations go, as much as one per cent. of
the series. In the several definite enumerations made to determine
the percentage of the doubtful specimens, the result never exceeded
a fraction of one per cent. In the most extensive enumeration the
result was about one-half of one per cent. Aside from these doubtful
specimens there are practically no boulders in the belts that can be
referred to any of the paleozoic rocks that intervene in the 500 miles
between the parent series north of Lake Huron and the tract over which
the boulders are now strewn. Occasionally there may be seen erratics
from the paleozoic series at or near the surface, but they are not
usually so disposed on the surface as to appear to be true members of
the superficial boulder tract. There is, therefore, the amplest ground
for the assertion that these boulder tracts are of distant derivation,
and that they are essentially uncommingled with derivatives from the
intermediate region.
3. The boulders of this series are much more angular than those of
the typical till sheets. Some of them, indeed, are rounded, but the
rounding is generally of the type which boulders derived by surface
degradation and exfoliation present. They rarely have the forms that
are distinctively glacial. Quite a large percentage are notably
angular, and have neither suffered glacial rounding nor spherical
exfoliation. Some few are glacially worn and scratched, but the
percentage of these is small.
The tracts therefore present these four salient characteristics: (1)
the boulders are derived from distant crystalline terranes (400 to 500
miles) and are essentially uncommingled with rock from the intervening
paleozoic terranes; (2) they are essentially superficial, and the
associated earthy material has a texture differing from that of the
subglacial tills; (3) they are notably angular and free from glacial
abrasion, except in minor degree; (4) the tracts are so associated with
terminal moraines and so related to the topography of the region, that
there is no rational ground for doubt that the boulders were borne to
their present places by the glaciers that produced the correlative
moraines.
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