The Journal of Geology, May-June 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazone of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, May-June 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazone of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
Dr. Kühn’s paper on the crystalline schists treats principally of
gneiss, and offers little that is new. It is mostly occupied with
additional evidence of structural and chemical changes due to dynamic
metamorphism in the sense of Lehmann. The most noteworthy of these are
development and microstructure of fibrolite; production of augen-gneiss
from porphyritic granite; development of microcline structure in
orthoclase by pressure; secondary origin of microcline, microperthite
and micropegmatite; alteration of garnet to biotite and hornblende.
Dr. Sabersky’s paper on the coarse-grained granites or pegmatites is
entirely mineralogical, and is devoted principally to elucidating the
structure of microcline. The author concludes that the well-known
gridiron structure is due, not to two twinning laws (the Albite and
Pericline), as has been generally supposed, but to the Albite law
alone, in accordance with which the individuals form both contact and
penetration twins, like the albite crystals from Roc-tourné, described
by G. Rose.
Dr. Romberg’s paper on the Argentine granites is much more
extensive than the two preceding. It is embellished by seventy-two
microphotographs, many of which admirably illustrate the special
points described. He comes to several results of great petrographical
significance, the most important of which relate to the origin of
quartz-feldspar intergrowths in granitic rocks. He clearly shows that
beside the original granite quartz there is also much of a secondary
nature present. This is not microscopically distinguishable from the
original mineral, but its later genesis is demonstrated by many careful
observations on its relation to other constituents. The abundant
secondary quartz is regarded as the product of weathering--principally
of the feldspar, into which it has a peculiar tendency to penetrate.
The extreme sensitiveness of quartz to pressure is emphasized (as
it has been by Lehmann and the present writer) and illustrated by
undulatory extinction, banding, granulation and even plastic bending
around other minerals. Dynamic action is regarded as the efficient
cause of the secondary impregnation of feldspar by quartz, and a union
of this with weathering of the feldspar as the source of the abundant
and complex pegmatitic intergrowths of quartz and feldspar.
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