[340] The contemporary French novelist. [341] See Note 339. [342] Elizabeth Picard, a Quaker, wrote an open letter to the well-known English publisher, Stead, editor of the magazine _War Against War_, which preached universal peace, and which at the same time was against those persons who refused military service. [343] C. T. Willard of Chicago offered himself as mediator in the emigration of the Dukhobors to America. Tolstoi sent his letter to England to V. G. Chertkov, whose house at this time was the headquarters for all communications concerning the emigration of the Dukhobors. [344] V. P. Gaideburov, from 1894 on, editor and publisher of _Nediela_. [345] In English in the original. [346] This intention was carried out by Tolstoi, at least in regard to _Resurrection_, which he gave to the publication _Niva_, edited by A. F. Marx, who paid twelve thousand roubles for the first printing. The money was used by Tolstoi in aid of the emigrating Dukhobors. Originally, Tolstoi suggested selling the copyright of three of his novels, _The Devil_, _Resurrection_, and _Father Sergius_, to English and American papers on advantageous terms. Then he decided not to publish _The Devil_. At first he thought that he would not make a final revision of _Resurrection_ and of _Father Sergius_, but would give them over to be printed straight away, just as they were written. But later he re-read _Resurrection_ and little by little began to work on it with such absorption “as he had not experienced in a long time.” Later Tolstoi decided to give only _Resurrection_ for the benefit of the Dukhobors and did not begin to work on _Father Sergius_. [347] Arvid Järnefelt. The well-known Finnish writer who held the same opinions as Tolstoi. After graduating from Helsingfors University, he prepared himself for the career of magistrate, but becoming acquainted with the writings of Tolstoi, he brusquely changed his life. He learnt the trade of cobbler and locksmith and later, at the end of the nineties, he bought a plot of land and began to till the soil, not ceasing his literary labours, however. He translated many works of Tolstoi into Finnish. The novels of Järnefelt are _My Native Land_, _Children of the Earth_ and several stories which are translated into Russian. The acquaintance of Järnefelt with Tolstoi began with his sending his book called _My Awakening_ to Tolstoi in 1895. It was in Finnish, and with it he sent a translation of one of his chapters: “Why I Did Not Undertake the Post of Judge.” This chapter, together with an accompanying letter by Järnefelt, Tolstoi included in his manuscript No. 4, _Archives of L. N. Tolstoi_. Tolstoi’s letter to Järnefelt, mentioned in the Journal, is as follows: “Although we have never seen each other, we know and love each other, and therefore I boldly turn to you with a request to do me a great service.