The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867Various
Philosophy
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
Here beauty of form is no longer the supreme thing; beauty, in this
sense, remains something inferior, subordinate; it gives place to the
spiritual beauty which dwells in the recesses of the soul, in the depths
of its infinite nature.
Now in order thus to take possession of itself, it is essential that
spirit have a consciousness of its relation to God, and of its union
with Him; that not only the divine principle reveal itself under a form
true and worthy of it, but that the human soul, on its part, lift itself
toward God, that it feel itself filled with His essence, that the
Divinity descend into the bosom of humanity. The anthropomorphism of
Greek thought ought to disappear, in order to give place to
anthropomorphism of a higher order.
Hence all the divinities of polytheism will be absorbed in a single
Deity. God has no longer anything in common with those individual
personages who had their attributes and their distinct rôles, and formed
a whole, free, although subject to destiny.
At the same time God does not remain shut up in the depths of his being;
he appears in the real world also; he opens his treasures and unfolds
them in creation. He is, notwithstanding, revealed less in nature than
in the moral world, or that of liberty. In fine, God is not an ideal,
created by the imagination; he manifests himself under the features of
living humanity.
If we compare, in this respect, romantic art with classic art, we see
that Sculpture no longer suffices to express this idea. We should vainly
seek in the image of the gods fashioned by sculpture that which
announces the true personality, the clear consciousness of self and
reflected will. In the external this defect is betrayed by the absence
of the eye, that mirror of the soul. Sculpture is deprived of the
glance, the ray of the soul emanating from within. On the other hand,
the spirit entering into relation with external objects, this immobility
of sculpture no longer responds to the longing for activity, which calls
for exercise in a more extended career. The representation ought to
embrace a vaster field of objects, and of physical and moral situations.
As to the manner in which this principle is developed and realized,
romantic art presents certain striking differences from antique art.
In the first place, as has been said, instead of the ideal divinities,
which exist only for the imagination, and are only human nature
idealized, it is God himself who makes himself man, and passes through
all the phases of human life, birth, suffering, death, and resurrection.
Such is the fundamental idea which art represents, even in the circle of
religion.
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