The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867Various
Philosophy
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
73. For which reason, also, there is never complete generation nor
perfect death—strictly considered—consisting in the separation of the
soul. That which we call generation, is development and accretion; and
that which we call death, is envelopment and diminution.
74. Philosophers have been much troubled about the origin of forms, of
Entelechies, or souls. But at the present day, when, by accurate
investigations of plants, insects and animals, they have become aware
that the organic bodies of nature are never produced from chaos or from
putrefaction, but always from seed, in which undoubtedly there had been
a _preformation_; it has been inferred that not only the organic body
existed in that seed before conception, but also a soul in that body—in
one word, the animal itself—and that, by the act of conception, this
animal is merely disposed to a grand transformation, to become an animal
of another species. We even see something approaching this, outside of
generation, as when worms become flies, or when caterpillars become
butterflies.
75. Those animals, of which some are advanced to a higher grade, by
means of conception, may be called _spermatic_; but those among them
which remain in their kind—that is to say, the greater portion—are born,
multiply, and are destroyed, like the larger animals, and only a small
number of the elect among them, pass to a grander theatre.
76. But this is only half the truth. I have concluded that if the animal
does not begin to be in the order of nature, it also does not cease to
be in the order of nature, and that not only there is no generation, but
no entire destruction—no death, strictly considered. And these _a
posteriori_ conclusions, drawn from experience, accord perfectly with my
principles deduced _a priori_, as stated above.
77. Thus we may say, not only that the soul (mirror of an indestructible
universe) is indestructible, but also the animal itself, although its
machine may often perish in part, and put off or put on organic spoils.
78. These principles have furnished me with a natural explanation of the
union, or rather the conformity between the soul and the organized body.
The soul follows its proper laws, and the body likewise follows those
which are proper to it, and they meet in virtue of the preëstablished
harmony which exists between all substances, as representations of one
and the same universe.
79. Souls act according to the laws of final causes, by appetitions,
means and ends; bodies act according to the laws of efficient causes, or
the laws of motion. And the two kingdoms, that of efficient causes and
that of final causes, harmonize with each other.
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